Cevat Çobanlı

Cevat Çobanlı
1307 (1891)-P. 4[1]
Cevat Çobanlı; 1307 (1891)-P. 4[1]
Nickname(s)	18 Mart Kahramanı; (Hero of 18 March)
Born	14 September 1870; Sultanahmet, Istanbul, Ottoman Empire
Died	13 March 1938 (aged 67); Istanbul, Turkey
Buried	Erenköy Mezarlığı
Allegiance	Ottoman Empire; Turkey
Service/branch	Ottoman Army; Turkish Land Forces
Years of service	Ottoman Empire: 1891–1920; Turkey: 15 January 1922 – 14 September 1935
Rank	General
Commands held	Dardanelles Fortified Area Command, XIV Corps, XV Corps, XIV Corps, VIII Corps, Second Army (deputy), Eighth Army, War Minister, Chief of the General Staff, El-Cezire Front, Third Army, member of the Supreme Military Council
Battles/wars	Italo-Turkish War; Balkan Wars; First World War; War of Independence

Cevat Çobanlı (14 September 1870[2] or 1871 – 13 March 1938[1]) was a military commander of the Ottoman Army, War Minister (Harbiye Nazırı) of the Ottoman Empire and a general of the Turkish Army.

Biography

Family and education

Cevat Pasha and Mustafa Kemal Bey on the daily Tasvîr-i Efkâr dated 29 October 1915.

Cevat was born on 14 September 1870 or in 1871 in Sultanahmet (Istanbul, Ottoman Empire) to mother Emine Hanım and father Müşir Şakir Pasha.

After graduating from Galatasaray High School, he entered Harbiye Mektibi (Mekteb-i Fünûn-u Harbiyye-i Şâhâne) in 1888. He completed the military school as the fourth of the class on 1891 and joined the Ottoman military as an Infantry Second Lieutenant (Mülâzım-ı Sani).[1] And he continued to study in the War Academy (Staff College, Mekteb-i Erkân-ı Harbiye-i Şâhâne), present day: Harp Akademisi) and in 1892, he was promoted to the rank of First Lieutenant (Mülâzım-ı Evvel).[1] In 1894, he graduated from Academy as a Staff Captain (Erkân-ı Harp Yüzbaşısı) and started to serve for the General Staff of Palace (Maiyet-i Seniyye Erkân-ı Harbiyesi) as an aide-de-camp of Sultan.[3]

Malta exile

He was one of the Malta exiles.

Republican era

Writer Cevat Şakir Kabaağaçlı and the painters Aliye Berger and Fahrelnissa Zeid were his nephew and nieces.

Medals and Decorations

Order of the Medjidieh 1st Class with Sword
Gold Medal of Liyakat
Gold Medal of Imtiyaz
Bulgaria Order of Military Merit (Bulgaria)
Bulgaria Order of St Alexander 2nd Class
Spain Order of Isabella the Catholic 2nd Class
Prussia Order of the Crown (Prussia) 2nd Class
Prussia Iron Cross 1st and 2nd Class
Prussia Order of the Red Eagle
Bavaria Military Merit Order (Bavaria) 2nd Class with Sword
Bavaria Merit Order of the Bavarian Crown 1st Class with Sword
Austria-Hungary Military Merit Medal (Austria-Hungary) 2nd Class
Austria-Hungary Red Cross 1st Class
Austria-Hungary Order of the Iron Crown (Austria) 1st Class
Austria-Hungary Order of the Iron Crown 2nd Class Military
Medal of Independence with Red Ribbon & Citation

Sources

T.C. Genelkurmay Harp Tarihi Başkanlığı Yayınları, Türk İstiklâl Harbine Katılan Tümen ve Daha Üst Kademelerdeki Komutanların Biyografileri, Genkurmay Başkanlığı Basımevi, Ankara, 1972, p. 22. (in Turkish)
Mesut Aydın, Türkiye ve Irak Hudûdu Mes'elesi, Avrasya Stratejik Araştırmalar Merkezi Yayınları, 2001, p. 53.
Genelkurmay, Türk İstiklâl Harbine Katılan Tümen ve Daha Üst Kademelerdeki Komutanların Biyografileri, p. 23.