Central Landing Establishment

The Central Landing Establishment was the Second World War British development centre for airborne warfare at RAF Ringway airfield near Manchester.[1]

Establishment

Following Prime Minister Winston Churchill's decision to create a parachute corps within the British Army after German successes using airborne force during the early stages of the war, a parachute training school known as the Central Landing School was set up at RAF Ringway near Manchester in June 1940.[2] On 31 August 1940, it was expanded within the school becoming the Central Landing Establishment.[3] There was a separate Technical unit and the addition of the Glider Training Squadron which would be used by pilots training for the Glider Pilot Regiment.[4]

The centre was operated by Royal Air Force and British Army officers working in collaboration.[1]

In 1941, the Airborne Forces Establishment was created from the experimental and technical units, renamed in 1942 as the Airborne Forces Experimental Establishment.[5] The Parachute Training Squadron became a unit in its own right as the Parachute Training School on 15 February 1942.[6]

Glider pilot training took 24 weeks; a 12-week light pilot training course and a 12-week glider course.

Equipment
CLE Canisters displayed at the Royal Air Force Museum Cosford, along with a Corgi lightweight, folding motorcycle (2010)

The CLE developed equipment to be used by Britain's airborne forces, such as standardized equipment containers for parachuting supplies.

The Mark III CLE Canister was 6 feet (180 cm) long and 15 inches (38 cm) in diameter, with a 10-to-16-foot (3.0 to 4.9 m) parachute attached to one end and an impact absorbing "pan" at the other; the capacity was 600 pounds (270 kg). It split longitudinally for unloading.[7] These containers would fit in the bomb bays of aircraft making resupply easier. The largest CLE canister was 3.3 m long.

An earlier Mark I canister was D-shaped in cross-section (about 15 inches in diameter). A motorcycle, the "Welbike" was developed that could be stowed in one. A cylindrical fuel can was also developed to fit the CLE Canister, with a canister able to accommodate three of the cans.[8]

Other means of landing supplies were developed. Wicker baskets for some materiel, crates for motorcycles such as the Royal Enfield WD/RE, and the means of parachuting jeeps and light artillery pieces.

Staff

Notes
  1. Thompson 1989, p. 4.
  2. Harclerode 1992, p. 19.
  3. Sturtivant, p 88
  4. Harclerode 1992, p. 5.
  5. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 27 July 2010. Retrieved 8 April 2009.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  6. Airborne Forces Units & HQs Archived 30 July 2012 at Archive.today
  7. Fowler, Will D-Day the first 24 hours 2003 Spellmount
  8. "British Airborne Fuel Can". Summer Of 44. Retrieved 25 December 2012.

References
  • Harclerode, Peter. (1992) Para! Fifty Years of the Parachute Regiment. Orion: London. ISBN 0-7528-0395-6.
  • Sturtivant, Ray. (1997). Royal Air Force Training and Support Units. Air-Britain (Historians) Ltd. ISBN 0-85130-252-1.
  • Thompson, Leroy. (1989). British Paratroops in Action. Combat Troops # 9. Squadron/Signal Publications: Carrollton, United States. ISBN 0-89747-233-0.
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