Cefn yr Ystrad

Cefn yr Ystrad is a mountain in the Brecon Beacons National Park in Wales. It is an outlier of the Central Beacons group.[1]

Cefn yr Ystrad
The summit cairns of Cefn yr Ystrad
Highest point
Elevation619 m (2,031 ft)
Prominence180 m (590 ft)
Parent peakPen y Fan
ListingMarilyn, Hewitt, Nuttall
Naming
English translationRidge of the dale
Language of nameWelsh
Geography
LocationPowys, Wales
Parent rangeBrecon Beacons
OS gridSO086137
Topo mapOS Landranger 160

The broad northeast - southwest aligned ridge reaches an elevation of 619 metres (2,031 ft). One of the southernmost peaks in the Brecon Beacons, it rises to the east of Pontsticill Reservoir. The summit area is a great stretch of wild moorland, with the highest point marked by a trig point.

Geology

The hill is formed from successive layers of Carboniferous Limestone and the overlying Twrch Sandstone (formerly known as the Basal Grit of the Millstone Grit). The rock strata generally dip to the south but are locally disrupted by foundering of the sandstone as the underlying limestone has dissolved away. There are extensive ice-smoothed pavements of the latter and loose rock abounds. The crest and southern slopes of the hill are home to dozens of shakeholes, some of which reach considerable proportions.[2]

Archaeology

The hill is scattered with archaeological sites from the Bronze Age through to the industrial period. Pre-eminent amongst these are Garn Felen and Carn-y-Bugail; the latter, which translates as ‘cairn of the shepherd’, is a 15m diameter burial cairn southeast of the summit. It stands at 3m high but has been partly disturbed.[3] Numerous nineteenth century boundary stones can traced across the hill bearing the engraved letters ‘D of B, TM’ on the one side and ‘GH’ on the other, marking the boundary between the estates of the Duke of Beaufort, Tretower Manor and of the Gwynne Holford’s who were established at Buckland Hall near Bwlch[4]

A number of more recent structures and tracks are associated with the now-abandoned limestone quarries of Cwar Blaen-dyffryn, Cwar y Hendre and Cwar yr Ystrad on the northern and northwestern flanks of the hill.

Access

The hill lies entirely within open country and so access on foot is freely available. A bridleway running northeast from Pontsticill skirts the northwestern edge of the hill bound for Dyffryn Crawnon and the Usk Valley.[5]

References
  1. Nuttall, John & Anne (1999). The Mountains of England & Wales - Volume 1: Wales (2nd edition ed.). Milnthorpe, Cumbria: Cicerone. ISBN 1-85284-304-7.
  2. British Geological Survey 1:50K map sheets 231 Merthyr Tydfil and 232 Abergavenny
  3. https://coflein.gov.uk/en/site/305693/details/carn-y-bugail-cairn
  4. https://coflein.gov.uk/en/site/293119/details/cwar-yr-hendre-boundary-stone-iii
  5. Ordnance Survey 1:25K Explorer map sheet OL12 & OL13 Brecon Beacons National Park: western & eastern areas

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