Cathedral of the Nativity of the Theotokos, Suzdal

The Cathedral of the Nativity of the Theotokos in Suzdal, Russia, is a World Heritage Site. It is one of the eight White Monuments of Vladimir and Suzdal and one of the most complex monuments of Russian medieval architecture. It was originally constructed during the reign of Vladimir II Monomakh in the late 11th century.[1]

Cathedral of the Nativity of the Theotokos, Suzdal
UNESCO World Heritage Site
LocationSuzdal, Russia
Part of"Kremlin of Suzdal and Cathedral of the Nativity" part of White Monuments of Vladimir and Suzdal
CriteriaCultural: (i)(ii)(iv)
Reference633-006
Inscription1992 (16th session)
Coordinates56°25′00″N 40°26′33″E
Location of Cathedral of the Nativity of the Theotokos, Suzdal in European Russia

The Cathedral of the Nativity is surrounded by a ring of earthen walls in an oxbow of Kamenka River. It is notable for being the first city cathedral not built for the exclusive use of the knyaz or his relatives. The cathedral contains the remains of a son of Yuri Dolgoruki, knyazes of the Shuisky family and others.

History

A cathedral was originally built on or around this site during the reign of Vladimir II Monomakh in 1102.[2] In 1222, on the orders of Yuri II of Vladimir, this dilapidated building was demolished and replaced by a new one, built of white tufa stone and decorated with limestone. In 1238 Suzdal was sacked by the Mongols, the interior of the cathedral was destroyed. The building survived through centuries of the Tatar-Mongol yoke, but finally was burned down and collapsed in 1445.[1]

In 1528-1530 Vasili III Ivanovich rebuilt the cathedral. After that restoration the remained old walls were lowered down to the arcade level, white stone was replaced by brick and laid in Muscovite style.[1] In the 17th century, the previously three-domed cathedral was given five domes and the interior was partially repainted. The interior walls are decorated with frescoes of 13th-, 15th- and 17th-century origin. Despite several fires and numerous changes throughout its history, the cathedral survives to this day.

The cathedral is recognized as a defining monument of medieval Russian culture.[1]

References
  1. Brumfield , W. (2017-02-03). "Suzdal's Nativity Cathedral: From Prokudin-Gorsky to the present". Russia Beyond the Headlines. Retrieved 2020-01-29.
  2. Brumfield, William Craft (1997). Landmarks of Russian Architect: A Photographic Survey. Routledge. p. 60. ISBN 9056995367.

Further reading
  • William Craft Brumfield. A History of Russian Architecture, Cambridge University Press (1993), ISBN 978-0-521-40333-7 (Chapter Three: "Vladimir and Suzdal Before the Mongol Invasion")
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