Casoni test

The Casoni test is a skin test used in the diagnosis of hydatid disease. The test involves the intradermal injection of 0.25 ml of sterilised fluid from hydatid cysts/human cyst and sterilised by Seitz filtration on forearm and equal volume of saline injected on the other forearm. Observations made for next 30 mins and after 1 to 2 days.[1] A wheal response occurring at the injection site within 20 minutes is considered positive (immediate hypersensitivity). Delayed hypersensitivity reactions usually read after 18-24 hours.[2] The test is positive in about 90% of cases of hydatid disease affecting the liver, but positive in less than 50% of patients with hydatid disease elsewhere in the body; false positive results are also common. Being a type I hypersensitivity reaction, anaphylactic reaction tray must be kept ready before carrying out the test.[3] Consequently, serological tests are now generally used.[4]

Casoni test
Purposediagnosis of hydatid disease

The test was described in 1912 by Tomaso Casoni.[5]

References
  1. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2015-01-04. Retrieved 2014-12-03.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  2. Robert A. Evans. Special Tests: The Procedure and Meaning of the Commoner Tests in Hospital, page 14. Elsevier Health Sciences, 2003. ISBN 978-0-7234-3289-0.
  3. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2015-01-04. Retrieved 2014-12-03.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  4. Richard Ravel. Clinical laboratory medicine, page 291. Elsevier Health Sciences, 1994. ISBN 978-0-8151-7148-5.
  5. Casoni T. La diagnosi biologica dell'echinococcosi umana mediante l'introdermoreazione. Folia Clinica Chimica e Microscopica; 1912: 4


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