Camellia reticulata

Camellia reticulata (syn. C. heterophylla)[3] is a species of flowering plant in the tea family Theaceae, native to southwestern China, in Yunnan Province. The wild populations are restricted to mixed mountain forest in western and central Yunnan.[1]

Camellia reticulata
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Ericales
Family: Theaceae
Genus: Camellia
Species:
C. reticulata
Binomial name
Camellia reticulata
Synonyms[2]
  • Camellia albescens H.T.Chang
  • Camellia albosericea H.T.Chang
  • Camellia bailinshanica H.T.Chang, H.S.Liu & G.X.Xiang
  • Camellia bambusifolia H.T.Chang, H.S.Liu & Y.Z.Zhang
  • Camellia borealiyunnanica H.T.Chang
  • Camellia brevicolumna H.T.Chang, H.S.Liu & Y.Z.Zhang
  • Camellia brevigyna H.T.Chang
  • Camellia brevipetiolata H.T.Chang
  • Camellia chunii H.T.Chang
  • Camellia heterophylla Hu
  • Camellia huiliensis H.T.Chang
  • Camellia jinshajiangica H.T.Chang & S.L.Lee
  • Camellia kangdianica H.T.Chang, H.S.Liu & G.X.Xiang
  • Camellia kweichowensis H.T.Chang
  • Camellia lanosituba H.T.Chang
  • Camellia oligophlebia H.T.Chang
  • Camellia paucipetala H.T.Chang
  • Camellia pentapetala H.T.Chang
  • Camellia pentaphylacoides H.T.Chang
  • Camellia pentaphylax H.T.Chang
  • Camellia phelloderma H.T.Chang, H.S.Liu & Y.Z.Zhang
  • Camellia stichoclada H.T.Chang
  • Camellia subliberopetala H.T.Chang
  • Camellia xichangensis H.T.Chang
  • Camellia xylocarpa (Hu) H.T.Chang ex H.T.Chang & B.Bartholmew
  • Desmitus reticulata (Lindl.) Raf.
  • Thea reticulata (Lindl.) Pierre
  • Yunnanea xylocarpa Hu

It is a loosely branched shrub or small tree, which can grow up to 10 to 15 meters (33 to 49 ft) in height.[4] The leaves are elliptic to oblong-elliptic, 5–11 centimetres (2.0–4.3 in) long and 4–5.5 centimetres (1.6–2.2 in) wide. The flowers are 7–10 centimetres (2.8–3.9 in) in diameter, or larger in some cultivars, soft-pink to deep-pink and rarely almost white, with 5–7 petals or more in some cultivars,[5] and are produced in sub-terminal or axillary positions on the branch.[5] The fruit is a light brown, three-segmented capsule, about 5 centimetres (2.0 in) in diameter that ripens in the fall[6] This Camellia is very susceptible to cold weather and has a late blooming season; August through October in the southern hemisphere and March through May in the northern hemisphere.[7]

Symbolism and uses

Camellia reticulata is the floral emblem of Yunnan. It has a long history of cultivation, both for tea oil and for its ornamental value.[8]

In 1820, Captain Richard Rawes of the East Indiaman Warren Hastings imported the first reticulata to England, (named 'Captain Rawes'). It remained the only known reticulata cultivated in Europe for over a century.[9]

References
  1. IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
  2. "The Plant List: A Working List of All Plant Species". Retrieved 21 April 2015.
  3. Species R-S Archived 2006-08-21 at the Wayback Machine
  4. "The Huntington:The Camellia Garden". Archived from the original on 2014-02-24. Retrieved 2016-09-11.
  5. Tianlu Min and Bruce Bartholomew (2007), "Camellia reticulata", Flora of China online, 12, retrieved 21 April 2015
  6. "A Fresh Look at Camellia reticulata". Articles — Pacific Horticulture. Pacific Horticulture. January 2001. Retrieved 5 April 2016.
  7. "Gardenia:All you need to know". Retrieved 16 June 2017.
  8. "Camellias from China". Rhododendron Dell — Plant collections. Dunedin Botanic Garden. 8 Mar 2012. Archived from the original on 22 April 2016. Retrieved 5 April 2016.
  9. Camellias.pics: Photographic nomenclature of Camellias. Accessed 2 September 2016.


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