Calochilus uliginosus

Calochilus uliginosus, commonly known as the swamp beard orchid,[2] is a species of orchid endemic to Western Australia. It has a single dark green leaf with a reddish purple base and up to seven greenish to brownish flowers with red lines and a labellum with a reddish purple beard.

Swamp beard orchid
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Orchidaceae
Subfamily: Orchidoideae
Tribe: Diurideae
Genus: Calochilus
Species:
C. uliginosus
Binomial name
Calochilus uliginosus

Description

Calochilus uliginosus is a terrestrial, perennial, deciduous, herb with an underground tuber and a single dark green, linear to lance-shaped leaf, 100–400 mm (4–20 in) long and 5–12 mm (0.2–0.5 in) wide with a reddish purple base and which is fully developed when the first flower opens. Up to seven greenish to brownish flowers with red stripes and blotches, 20–26 mm (0.8–1 in) long and 10–12 mm (0.4–0.5 in) wide are borne on a flowering stem 150–600 mm (6–20 in) tall. The dorsal sepal is oblong to egg-shaped, 9–13 mm (0.4–0.5 in) long and 5–7 mm (0.2–0.3 in) wide and the lateral sepals are a similar length but narrower. The petals are 4–6 mm (0.16–0.24 in) long and about 3 mm (0.1 in) wide. The labellum is flat, 14–18 mm (0.6–0.7 in) long and 6–7 mm (0.2–0.3 in) wide with short, reddish purple calli near its base. The middle section of the labellum has hairs up to 5 mm (0.2 in) long and the tip has a glandular "tail" 2–4 mm (0.08–0.2 in) long and about 1 mm (0.04 in) wide. The column has two purple "eyes" joined by a red ridge. Flowering occurs from October to December.[2][3][4][5]

Taxonomy and naming

Calochilus uliginosus was first formally described in 2006 by David Jones and the description was published in Australian Orchid Research from a specimen collected near Albany.[6] The specific epithet (uliginosus) is derived from a Latin word meaning "marsh" or "swamp",[7] referring to the habitat preference of this species.[5]

Distribution and habitat

The swamp beard orchid grows in dense undergrowth in seasonal swamps between Gingin and Albany in the Jarrah Forest, Swan Coastal Plain and Warren biogeographic regions.[2][5][8]

References
  1. "Calochilus uliginosus". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  2. Jones, David L. (2006). A complete guide to native orchids of Australia including the island territories. Frenchs Forest, N.S.W.: New Holland. p. 263. ISBN 1877069124.
  3. Brown, Andrew; Dixon, Kingsley; French, Christopher; Brockman, Garry (2013). Field guide to the orchids of Western Australia : the definitive guide to the native orchids of Western Australia. Simon Nevill Publications. p. 167. ISBN 9780980348149.
  4. Hoffman, Noel; Brown, Andrew (2011). Orchids of South-West Australia (3rd ed.). Gooseberry Hill: Noel Hoffman. p. 331. ISBN 9780646562322.
  5. Jones, David L. (2006). "New taxa of Australian Orchidaceae". Australian Orchid Research. 5: 72–731.
  6. "Calochilus uliginosus". APNI. Retrieved 24 June 2018.
  7. Brown, Roland Wilbur (1956). The Composition of Scientific Words. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press. p. 514.
  8. "Calochilus uliginosus". FloraBase. Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife.
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