CVNH domain

In molecular biology, the CVNH domain (CyanoVirin-N Homology domain) is a conserved protein domain. It is found in the sugar-binding antiviral protein cyanovirin-N (CVN) as well as proteins from filamentous ascomycetes and in the fern Ceratopteris richardii.[1]

CVNH
solution nmr structure of complex of 1:2 cyanovirin-n:man-alpha1,2-man-alpha restrained regularized mean coordinates
Identifiers
SymbolCVNH
PfamPF08881
InterProIPR011058

Cyanovirin-N (CV-N) is an 11-kDa protein from the cyanobacterium Nostoc ellipsosporum that displays virucidal activity against several viruses, including human immunodeficiency virus (AIDS). The virucidal activity of CV-N is mediated through specific high-affinity interactions with the viral surface envelope glycoproteins gp120 and gp41, as well as to high-mannose oligosaccharides found on the HIV envelope.[2] In addition, CV-N is active against rhinoviruses, human parainfluenza virus, respiratory syncytial virus, and enteric viruses. The virucidal activity of CV-N against influenza virus is directed towards viral haemagglutinin.[3] CV-N has a complex fold composed of a duplication of a tandem repeat of two homologous motifs comprising three-stranded beta sheet and beta hairpins.[4]

References
  1. Percudani R, Montanini B, Ottonello S (September 2005). "The anti-HIV cyanovirin-N domain is evolutionarily conserved and occurs as a protein module in eukaryotes". Proteins. 60 (4): 670–8. doi:10.1002/prot.20543. PMID 16003744.
  2. Wlodawer A, Botos I (2003). "Cyanovirin-N: a sugar-binding antiviral protein with a new twist". Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 60 (2): 277–287. doi:10.1007/s000180300023. PMID 12678493. S2CID 10579615.
  3. Mori T, O'keefe BR, Smee DF, Turpin JA, Saucedo CJ, Gustafson KR, Blakeslee D, Buckheit R, Boyd MR (2003). "Potent anti-influenza activity of cyanovirin-N and interactions with viral hemagglutinin". Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 47 (8): 2518–2525. doi:10.1128/aac.47.8.2518-2525.2003. PMC 166092. PMID 12878514.
  4. Wlodawer A, Botos I, Boyd MR, O Keefe BR, Cartner LK, Shenoy SR, Ratner DM, Seeberger PH (2002). "Structures of the complexes of a potent anti-HIV protein cyanovirin-N and high mannose oligosaccharides". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (37): 34336–34342. doi:10.1074/jbc.M205909200. PMID 12110688.
This article incorporates text from the public domain Pfam and InterPro: IPR011058
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