Bulugan

Bulugan or Bulukhan (Mongolian: Булган хатан,ᠪᠤᠷᠬᠠᠨ; Chinese: 卜魯罕) was a Mongol princess, the consort of Yuan emperor Temür Khan (r. 1294–1307). She belonged to the Baya'ut tribe, the daughter of Torgus Küregen who had served Genghis Khan.

This article is about the queen of the Yuan dynasty. For the khatun of Ilkhan Arghun, see Buluqhan Khatun.
Bulugan
Empress of China and Khatun of Mongols
Tenure1299 - 1307
PredecessorShirindari
SuccessorZhenge
Died1307
SpouseTemür Khan
ClanBayads
FatherTorgus Küregen

Biography

She was made empress following Shirindari's death in 1299.[1][2] Bulugan acted as regent for his ill husband and virtually ruled the empire. She made her son Prince Dashi the heir apparent in June 1305. To ensure the boy's succession, she removed all the potential rivals from the court. For example, Darmabala's son Ayurbarwada was sent to Henan as the prince of Huaining.[3] But the Dashi died in January 1306.

Later in 1307 when Temür Khan died, Bulugan kept away the Khunggirad-mothered brothers of Khaishan and Ayurbarwada and attempted to set up Muslim Ananda, son of Manggala as new khagan. Her alliance was supported by some senior officials of the Secretariat under Aqutai. Ananda was a popular prince who successfully protected the provinces of the Yuan against the Ögedeid and Chaghatayid armies and had a bulk of the imperial army under him in Anxi. But he lacked of military power in the imperial capital city and was a Muslim opposed to the majority of the Buddhist and Tengriist Mongols. The Khongirad faction alarmed by it and arrested Ananda and Bulgan by coup and recalled Ayurbarwada and Dagi from Henan. Then Khayishan decided to hold the coronation ceremony in Shangdu just as his great-grandfather Khubilai Khan did, and advanced southward with the most part of his army. He was welcomed by Ayurbarwada, who gave up khanship, and ascended to the throne. They executed Ananda, Bulugan and their retainers in 1307.

References
  1. May, Timothy (2016-11-07). The Mongol Empire: A Historical Encyclopedia [2 volumes]: A Historical Encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO. p. 45. ISBN 978-1-61069-340-0.
  2. Twitchett, Denis C.; Franke, Herbert; Fairbank, John King (1978). The Cambridge History of China: Volume 6, Alien Regimes and Border States, 907-1368. Cambridge University Press. p. 504. ISBN 978-0-521-24331-5.
  3. The Cambridge History of China: "Alien regimes and border states, 907-1368", p.505
Preceded by
Shirindari		 Yuan empress consort
1295–1307		 Succeeded by
Zhenge
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