Bibliothèque municipale de Besançon

Bibliothèque municipale de Besançon is the most important library in Besançon, but also the first French building which was constructed to be the public library.

Two different views of the same folios from Besançon MS 865

History

The library was founded in 1694, when the Benedictine abbot Jean-Baptiste Boisot (1638–1694) presented his personal collections to the abbey Saint - Vincent in Besançon, but under the one condition that it will be publicly available.[1] The fond of Jean-Baptiste Boisot is unusually rich.[2]

A large part of the collection came from Nicolas Perrenot de Granvelle and his son Antoine.[3] In 1808, was established a building for the library, on the plans of Franche-Comté architect Denis Lapret. During the French revolution confiscations were made from the religious communities and from emigrants living in the region. These were appropriated for the library.

The building was finished in 1817, and officially opened on April 27, 1818. The building was extended several times up to 1839 when it took its current form, composed of four blocks around a central courtyard.

The Ministry of Culture and Communication digitized the 167 illuminated manuscripts of the library.[2]

The library of Besançon holds more than 500,000 handwritten documents, drawings, prints, medals, stamps, and coins which make it one of the richest libraries in France.

Collection

The library contains about 1,000 incunabula and 2,800 mediaeval manuscripts. The most ancient of the manuscripts date from the 7th century, though most are from the 15th century.[2]

Several liturgical manuscripts are beautifully illuminated, especially the Psalter of Bonmont (13th century) or manuscripts illuminated for the archbishops of Besançon and Charles de Neuchâtel.

The 14th-century manuscript "The Day of Judgement", catalogued as Ms. 579, contains 89 miniatures depicting the action of the play and three neumed musical pieces.[4]

Besançon BM 434 contains textbooks for Charles V: book of educations of the princes, 49 miniatures, made by several artists having worked on the copy of Travels of Jean de Mandeville.[5]

See also

References
  1. Lawrence D. Kritzman, Brian J. Reilly, Malcolm DeBevoise, The Columbia History of Twentieth-Century French Thought, Columbia University Press (2006), p. 294
  2. "Enluminures médiévales de la bibliothèque municipale de Besançon". Archived from the original on 2011-07-27. Retrieved 2010-06-05.
  3. Les Granvelle et les anciens Pays-Bas: liber doctori Mauricio van Durme (Leuven University Press, 2000), p. 19
  4. "Mystere dou jour dou jugement". Archived from the original on 2010-06-06. Retrieved 2010-06-05.
  5. Le manuscrit médiéval ~ The Medieval Manuscript

Further reading
  • Catalogue des incunables de la Bibliothèque de Besançon (1893)

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