Battle of Kuju

The Battle of Gwiju, which occurred in 1019, was the major battle during the Third Goryeo–Khitan War (1018-1019), fought between the Khitan-led Liao dynasty of China and the Goryeo dynasty of Korea.

Not to be confused with Siege of Kuju.
Battle of Gwiju
Part of Third Goryeo-Khitan War
Date10 March 1019
Location
Kuju (present-day Kusong), North Pyongan
Result Decisive Goryeo victory
Belligerents
Liao dynasty Goryeo
Commanders and leaders
Xiao Paiya Gang Gam-chan
Gang Min-cheom
Kim Jong-hyeon[1]
Strength
100,000[1] 208,000[1]
Casualties and losses
90,000+ few thousand
Battle of Kuju
Traditional Chinese龜州大捷
Simplified Chinese龟州大捷
Battle of Kuju
Hangul
귀주대첩
Hanja
龜州大捷
Revised RomanizationGwiju Daecheop
McCune–ReischauerKwiju Taech'ŏp

After crossing the Aprok River, the Liao dynasty troops invaded Korea. But the Korean general Gang Gam-chan dammed a stream and released it as the Liao troops were crossing. Despite suffering significant casualties, some Liao troops marched to Gaegyeong, the capital of Korea.

During their campaign, general Gang Gam-chan cut the supplies of the Liao troops and harassed them relentlessly. Exhausted, the Liao troops decided to retreat hastily northward. Monitoring the movement of their troops, general Gang Gam-chan attacked them in the vicinity of Gwiju, ending in a complete victory for the Goryeo dynasty.

Aftermath

After the battle, peace negotiations followed and the Liao dynasty did not invade Korea again.[1] Korea entered in a long and peaceful period with its foreign neighbours across the Yalu River. The victory at the Battle of Kuju is regarded as one of the three greatest military victories (other victories are Battle of Salsu and Battle of Hansando) in Korean history. It is said through texts in the Goryeosa and Goryeo Dogyeong that tens of thousands of Liao soldiers held prisoners during the battle were relocated to Namgyeong, today's Seoul, while some worked as engineers in the nation's silk industry and booming economy.

See also

References
  1. Battle of Guju - Naver encyclopedia


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