Bandringa

Bandringa; Temporal range: Pennsylvanian, 309–307 Ma PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N ↓
	Bandringa rayi juvenile from the Pennsylvanian of Illinois
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Chondrichthyes
Subclass:	Elasmobranchii
Order:	†Ctenacanthiformes
Family:	†Bandringidae; Zangerl, 1969
Genus:	†Bandringa; Zangerl, 1969
Binomial name
	†Bandringa rayi; Zangerl, 1969
Synonyms
	Bandringa herdinae Zangerl, 1979;

Bandringa is an extinct genus of Elasmobranch known from the Pennsylvanian subperiod of the Carboniferous period. There is currently a single known species, B. rayi. It is known from exceptionally preserved individuals found in the Mazon Creek Lagerstätte of Illinois which dates back to the late Moscovian stage. Two species from this genus were originally described, B. rayi and B. herdinae, but the differences between the two were found to be taphonomic in origin. All Mazon Creek individuals appear to represent juveniles, suggesting the area was a nursery for them. Also supporting this notion are fossilized egg cases found in the same localities, though it is unclear whether they belong to this genus. Adult fossils attributed to B. rayi have also been found in spoil heaps from Five Points coal mines near Conesville, Ohio and Cannelton, Pennsylvania, both of which contain the roughly contemporaneous Kittaning Formation of the Allegheny Group. This species has a long rostrum and may have been analogous to modern sawfish. It appears to have fed via suction feeding. Preserved gut contents include articulated arthropods. Estimated from the juvenile fossils and partial adult fossils, the adult is close to 70 cm (28 in). Its relationships to other elasmobranchs is currently unclear.[1][2]

Artist's impression of Bandringa rayi

References

Sallan, Lauren Cole; Coates, Michael I. (January 2014). "The long-rostrumed elasmobranch Bandringa Zangerl, 1969, and taphonomy within a Carboniferous shark nursery". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 34 (1): 22–33. doi:10.1080/02724634.2013.782875. ISSN 0272-4634. S2CID 86174861.
"Mazon Monday #19: Species Spotlight: Bandringa rayi #MazonCreek #fossils #MazonMonday #shark". Earth Science Club of Northern Illinois - ESCONI. Retrieved 2020-10-04.

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[1] Sallan, Lauren Cole; Coates, Michael I. (January 2014). "The long-rostrumed elasmobranch Bandringa Zangerl, 1969, and taphonomy within a Carboniferous shark nursery". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 34 (1): 22–33. doi:10.1080/02724634.2013.782875. ISSN 0272-4634. S2CID 86174861.

[2] "Mazon Monday #19: Species Spotlight: Bandringa rayi #MazonCreek #fossils #MazonMonday #shark". Earth Science Club of Northern Illinois - ESCONI. Retrieved 2020-10-04.