Bachelor of Ayurveda, Medicine and Surgery

Bachelor of Ayurvedic Medicine and Surgery (B.A.M.S.) is a professional degree in medicine focused on Ayurveda offered in India,[1] Nepal,[2] Bangladesh [3] and other South Asian countries.

It is awarded after the study of five and a half years duration, including 1-year internship. A BAMS graduate is allowed to provide medical treatment in states of India and Sri Lanka after registering oneself at the government-approved licensing body.[4][5]

Ayurveda is a type of complementary or alternative medicine,[6][7] and the study of Ayurveda is pseudoscientific while the practice can be classified as protoscience or unscientific.[8]

India

In India, there are more than 394 colleges that offer B.A.M.S degree.[1]

The curriculum includes studying and teaching of along with corresponding Ayurvedic subjects such as Rachana Sharira, Kriya Sharira, Dravyuaguna, Svasthavritta and Yoga, Roga Nidana and Vikriti Vijnana, Kaya Chikitsa, Kaumara Bhritya, Prasuti Tantra, Shalya Tantra, Shalakya Tantra etc. along with human anatomy, physiology, pathology & diagnostic procedures, principles of medicine, pharmacology, toxicology, forensic medicine, E.N.T, gynecology & obstetrics, ophthalmology and principles of surgery from modern medicine.[9] The syllabus also includes ancient and medieval classics, sometimes in Sanskrit language.[10]

Serious flaws have been reported in the graduate-level education.[1]

Permission to practice modern medicine

BAMS graduates have been permitted to practice modern medicine in the state of Maharashtra.[11][12] In the state of Karnataka, BAMS doctors appointed in primary health centres in rural areas can practice modern-medicine in case of "emergencies".[13]

Career

After the completion of BAMS degree, one can either continue general practice or pursue higher studies (MD (Ayurveda)) & MS (Ayurveda)[14] post-graduate diplomas in various subjects such as Panchakarma, Balaroga, etc. et al) or perform research. There are also opportunities to work in hospital and healthcare administration and health supervision.[15][16]

Outside certain South Asian countries, Ayurveda is not integrated with the national health system, and is therefore punishable by law to practice it unless, in some cases, the practitioner also holds the license to prescribe modern medicine.[17]

References
  1. Patwardhan, Kishor; Gehlot, Sangeeta; Singh, Girish; Rathore, H. C. S. (2011). "The Ayurveda Education in India: How Well Are the Graduates Exposed to Basic Clinical Skills?". Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. 2011: 197391. doi:10.1093/ecam/nep113. ISSN 1741-427X. PMC 3095267. PMID 19687194.
  2. "Ayurveda Campus Institute of Medicine". www.iom.edu.np. Retrieved 12 January 2018.
  3. "Alternative Medical Care : WHO extends support for modernization" (PDF). Retrieved 12 January 2018.
  4. "Ayurvedic Medical Council - Sri Lanka". www.ayurvedicmedicoun.gov.lk. Retrieved 12 January 2018.
  5. "Central Council of Indian Medicine:: Ministry of Ayush, Govt. of India". www.ccimindia.org.
  6. Smith, Frederick M.; Wujastyk, Dagmar (2008). "Introduction". In Smith, Frederick M.; Wujastyk, Dagmar (eds.). Modern and Global Ayurveda: Pluralism and Paradigms. New York, NY: SUNY Press. pp. 1–28. ISBN 9780791478165. OCLC 244771011.
  7. "A Closer Look at Ayurvedic Medicine". Focus on Complementary and Alternative Medicine. Bethesda, Maryland: National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (NCCIH). US National Institutes of Health (NIH). 12 (4). Fall 2005 – Winter 2006. Archived from the original on 2006-12-09.
  8. Semple D, Smyth R (2013). Chapter 1: Psychomythology. Oxford Handbook of Psychiatry (3rd ed.). Oxford University Press. p. 20. ISBN 978-0-19-969388-7.
  9. "Central Council of Indian Medicine:: Ministry of Ayush, Govt. of India". www.ccimindia.org. Retrieved 12 January 2018.
  10. Warrier, Maya (2008). "Seekership, Spirituality and Self-Discovery: Ayurveda Trainees in Britain". Asian Medicine. 4 (2): 423–451. doi:10.1163/157342009X12526658783691. ISSN 1573-420X. PMC 2898496. PMID 20617123.
  11. Prasad Kulkarni, Times of India, Pune editioeditiony 2012 Maharashtra: Ayurvedadoctors to go on strike on July 10 (Accessed on 11 July 2012)
  12. "Now, unani, ayurveda practitioners can prescribe allopathy medicines, perform surgeries". The Indian Express. Retrieved 12 January 2018.
  13. Yasmeen, Afshan (2017-01-06). "Karnataka Ayuh doctors can now prescribe allopathic drugs during emergencies". The Hindu. Retrieved 12 January 2018.
  14. Shah, Sandeep. "Regular Courses available in Ayurveda" (PDF). Ministry of AYUSH.
  15. Pitkar, Urmila A. (2010). "Career options after Bachelor of Ayurvedic Medicine and Surgery". International Journal of Ayurveda Research. 1 (3): 192–194. doi:10.4103/0974-7788.72495. ISSN 0974-7788. PMC 2996581. PMID 21170215.
  16. Times news network, Shibu Thimas, Mumbai, 10 July 2012 BAMS doctor can apply for post of health supervisor: HC (Accessed on 11 July 2012)
  17. "Legal Status of Traditional Medicine and Complementary/Alternative Medicine: A Worldwide Review" (PDF). World Health Organization. Retrieved 12 January 2018.
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