Baburao Bagul

Baburao Ramji Bagul (1930–2008) was a Marathi writer from Maharashtra, India; a pioneer of modern literature in Marathi and an important figure in the Indian short story during the late 20th century, when it experienced a radical departure from the past, with the advent of Dalit writers such as him.[1][2][3]

Baburao Bagul
BornBaburao Ramaji Bagul
(1930-07-17)17 July 1930
Vihitgaon, Nashik district, Maharashtra
Died26 March 2008(2008-03-26) (aged 77)
Nashik, Maharashtra
OccupationWriter, poet
Notable worksJevha Mi Jat Chorali Hoti! (When I had Concealed My Caste) (1963)
Maran Swasta Hot Ahe (Death is Getting Cheaper) (1969)
Ambedkar Bharat (Ambedkar India) (1981)

He is most known for his works such as, Jevha Mi Jaat Chorli Hoti! (1963), Maran Swasta Hot Ahe (1969), Sahitya Ajache Kranti Vigyan, Sud (1970), and Ambedkar Bharat (1981).[4]

Biography

Baburao Ramaji Bagul was born in Nashik on 17 July 1930. After high school education, he did various manual jobs until 1968. While doing so, he published several stories in magazines, which started getting attention from Marathi readers. Eventually in 1963, came his first collection of stories, Jevha Mi Jat Chorali (When I had Concealed My Caste), it created a stir in Marathi literature with its passionate depiction of a crude society and thus brought in new momentum to Modern Marathi literature in Marathi; today it is seen by many critics as the epic of the downtrodden, and was later made into a film by actor-director Vinay Apte.[1][5]

He followed it up with a collection of poems, Akar (Shape) (1967), which gave immediate visibility, but it was his second collection of short stories Maran Swasta Hot Ahe (Death is Getting Cheaper) (1969), which cemented his position as an important enlightened voice of his generation. The collection is now considered an important landmark in Dalit writing in India and in 1970 he was awarded the 'Harinarayan Apte Award' by the Government of Maharashtra.[1][2][6]

Bagul was an Ambedkarite Buddhist.[7][8][9] After 1968, he became a full-time writer of literature which continued to deal with the lives of marginalized downtrodden people in Maharashtra. His fictional writing gave graphic accounts of the lives of that class of people. The thoughts of B. R. Ambedkar, Jyotiba Phule, and Karl Marx had an influence on Bagul's mind. He soon became an important radical thinker of the Dalit movement, and published a major ideologue of the Panther, Manifesto of Panther, in 1972.[10] In the same year he presided over the 'Modern Literary Conference' held at Mahad. Over the years his stories taught future Dalit writers to give creative rendition to their autobiographical narratives.[2]

He died on 26 March 2008 at Nashik, and was survived by his wife, two sons, two daughters.[11]

Subsequently, the Yashwantrao Chavan Maharashtra Open University instituted the Baburao Bagul Gaurav Puraskar Award in recognition of his contributions to Marathi literature, to be given annually to the debut work of a budding short-story writer.[12]

Works
  • "Jevha Mi Jaat Chorali Hoti!" (जेव्हा मी जात चोरली होती!) (1963)[13]
  • "Maran Swasta Hot Ahe" (मरण स्वस्त होत आहे) (1969)[14]
  • "Sud" (सूड) (1970)[15]
  • "Dalit Sahitya Ajache Kranti Vignyan (दलित साहित्य आजचे क्रांतिविज्ञान)
  • "Ambedkar Bharat" (आंबेडकर भारत) (1981)[16]
  • Aghori (अघोरी) (1983)
  • Pashan (पाषाण) (1972)
  • Apurva (अपूर्वा)
  • Kondi (कोंडी) (2002)
  • Pawsha (पावशा) (1971)
  • Bhumihin (भूमिहीन)
  • Mooknayak (मूकनायक)
  • Sardar (सरदार)
  • Vedaadhi Tu Hotas (वेदाआधी तू होता) [poetry collection]
  • Dalit Dahitya : Aajche Krantividyan (दलित साहित्य: आजचे क्रांतिविज्ञान)

Translation
  • Death is Getting Cheaper – Another India: an anthology of contemporary Indian fiction and poetry, editors, Nissim Ezekiel, Meenakshi Mukherjee. Penguin Books, 1990. Page 103.
  • Mother – Indian short stories, 1900–2000, by E.V. Ramakrishnan, I. V Ramakrishnan. Sahitya Akademi, 2005. Page 217.
  • When I Hid My Caste - Stories, translated by Jerry Pinto, Speaking Tiger, 2018[17]

Further reading
  • Homeless in my land: translations from modern Marathi Dalit short stories, Editor Arjuna Dangale. Disha Books, 1992. ISBN 0-86311-286-2. pp 217.
  • You who have Made the Mistake Poisoned bread: translations from modern Marathi Dalit literature, Editor Arjuna Dangale, Orient Blackswan, 1992. ISBN 0863112544. Page 70.

References
  1. Mother 1970 Indian short stories,1900–2000, by E.V. Ramakrishnan, I. V. Ramakrishnana. Sahitya Akademi. Page 217, Page 409 (Biography).
  2. Issues of Language and Representation:Babu Rao Bagul Handbook of twentieth-century literatures of India, Editors: Nalini Natarajan, Emmanuel Sampath Nelson. Greenwood Publishing Group, 1996. ISBN 0-313-28778-3. Page 368.
  3. Encyclopaedia of Indian Literature: Sasay to Zorgot, by Amaresh Datta, Mohan Lal. Sahitya Akademi, 1994. Page 4060.
  4. A hundred years of the short story The Hindu, 20 May 2001.
  5. Jevha Mi Jat Chorali Hoti (1963) Encyclopaedia of Indian literature vol. 2. Editors Amaresh Datta. Sahitya Akademi, 1988. ISBN 81-260-1194-7. Page 1823.
  6. Translating caste, Editor: Tapan Basu. Publisher: Katha, 2002. ISBN 81-87649-05-4. Page 187.
  7. https://www.newsclick.in/baburao-bagul-revolt-fanonian-reading
  8. https://feminisminindia.com/2019/12/16/the-epic-of-dalit-literature-when-i-hid-my-caste-by-baburao-bagul/
  9. https://thewire.in/caste/to-be-or-not-to-be-a-dalit
  10. Marathi Modern Literature Centre for Cooperative Research in Social Sciences, Pune.
  11. Litterateur Baburao Bagul cremated with state honours 27 March 2008
  12. Awards, Honours & Collaborations: Baburao Bagul Gaurav Puraskar Yashwantrao Chavan Maharashtra Open University
  13. Bagul, Baburao (10 July 2018). When I Hid My Caste: Stories. Speaking Tiger Books. ISBN 9789386702951.
  14. Bagul, Baburao (2018). Maran Swasta Hot Ahe (in Marathi). Lokvandmay Gurha.
  15. Bagul, Baburao (2018). Sood (in Marathi). Lokvandmay Gurha.
  16. https://www.bookganga.com/Preview/BookPreview.aspx?BookId=5277673246792470314&PreviewType=books
  17. Bagul, Baburao (2018). When I Hid My Caste - Stories. Translated by Pinto, Jerry. ISBN 978-93-86702-92-0.
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