BCN nanotube

BCN nanotubes are tubular structures with a sub-micrometer diameter and a length much longer than diameter. They are composed of comparable amounts of boron, carbon and nitrogen atoms.

(a,d,e) Electron micrographs of BC2N nanotubes, (b) Electron diffraction pattern, (c) fragment of the nanotube wall.[1]

First made in 1994, synthesis methods have included: arc-discharge, laser ablation, chemical vapor deposition (CVD), template route, and pyrolysis techniques. Single-walled B–C–N nanotubes have been made with a hot-filament method.[2]

Solvothermal synthesis

Vertically aligned arrays of ~BC2N nanotubes can be produced by solvothermal synthesis in a stainless steel autoclave from a mixture of sodium azide (NaN3), ammonium fluoroborate (NH4BF4) and methyl cyanide (CH3CN). The mixture, together with the solvent and other additives is heated to 400 °C for ~14 h.[1] The final composition was approx B19C55N26.[1]

Potential applications

The vertically-aligned BCN nanotubes (made as above) exhibit a high and stable specific capacitance (>500 F/g), which exceeds that of alternative carbon nanomaterials, and therefore have potential applications in supercapacitors.[1][3]

Facile synthesis

Another method produced nanotubes of composition : B45%,C31%,N24% [2] The method was grow them on stainless steel by reacting boron, zinc oxide (ZnO), and ethanol in nitrogen and hydrogen at 1150 °C. The resulting nanotubes had an average diameter of about 90 nm.

References
  1. Zhou, Junshuang; Li, Na; Gao, Faming; Zhao, Yufeng; Hou, Li; Xu, Ziming (2014). "Vertically-aligned BCN Nanotube Arrays with Superior Performance in Electrochemical capacitors". Scientific Reports. 4. doi:10.1038/srep06083. PMC 4133702.
  2. Luo, L; Mo, L; Tong, Z; Chen, Y. "Facile Synthesis of Ternary Boron Carbonitride Nanotubes". Nanoscale Res Lett. 4: 834–838. doi:10.1007/s11671-009-9325-7. PMC 2894111. PMID 20596377.
  3. Zhi, C. Y.; Bai, X. D.; Wang, E. G. (2004). "Boron carbonitride nanotubes". Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology. 4 (1–2): 35–51. doi:10.1166/jnn.2004.018. PMID 15112540.
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