At the Pike's Behest

Emelya the Simpleton (Russian: Емеля-дурак) or At the Pike's Behest (Russian: По щучьему веленью) is a Russian fairy tale collected by Alexander Afanasyev in Narodnye russkie skazki.

At the Pike's Behest!
Emelian rides on the horseless sled. Illustration by Valery Kurdyumov, 1913.
Folk tale
NameAt the Pike's Behest!
Also known asEmelian, the Fool
Emelya the Simpleton
Data
Aarne-Thompson groupingATU 675 (The Lazy Boy)
RegionRussia
Published inNarodnye russkie skazki by Alexander Afanasyev
RelatedPeruonto
The Dolphin
Half-Man
Foolish Hans (de)
Peter the Fool (fr)

Synopsis

Emelya lived in a village on the shore of the Volga River with his two brothers and their wives. Although he was good-looking, he was also foolish, lazy, and despised work. He spent his days sitting on the clay stove in the kitchen. His brothers ran a trading business left to them by their dead father. The brothers left Emelya one day, to sell their wares along the river, leaving Emelya with the wives, promising to return with a kaftan, red boots, and a red hat for their brother.

During the days and weeks the brothers were gone, the wives tried unsuccessfully to get Emelya to do work, until one day, they left Emelya with a choice: get water from the frozen river, or no dinner and no kaftan, red boots and red hat. At that threat, Emelya hurried on his way, and on reaching the river, he grumbled about his problems while hacking away at the thick ice. As he scooped water into the buckets, he noticed he had caught a fish: a large pike. Emelya was going to take it home for supper, but the pike pleaded with him, promising that if Emelya were to let him go, that Emelya would never need to work again, which was a tempting offer for lazy Emelya. All he would need to say, was “By the Pike’s command, and at my desire-(command)“ and his will would be done. Emelya agreed, and to his surprise, the commands worked.

Emelya was not careful to conceal his new talent for work, and soon the tsar heard about it, and ordered this ‘magician’ to appear before him at his palace by the Caspian Sea. Emelya, being foolish and lazy, ordered his stove to take him to the tsar, using the Pike's command. He arrived instantly at the palace before the tsar, still lying on his stove, where he looked down on the tsar and was not acting the way a subject should towards his superior. The tsar would have ordered his head cut off, had he not wanted the secret to the boy's power. However, he could not extract the secret from Emelya, so he tried to use his daughter to get the secret. After three days of teaching each other games, the princess had learned only that Emelya was handsome, fun, and charming. She wanted to marry him. The tsar was at first angry, then decided that Emelya would perhaps give up his secret to his wife, if he became married. So he arranged for a wedding.

At first, Emelya was horrified at the idea, believing a wife to be more trouble than it was worth. He agreed, though, and the wedding feast was held soon after, at which Emelya finally got down from his stove. During the feast, Emelya had terrible table manners, which convinced the tsar to finally rid himself of the obnoxious boy. A sleeping potion was added to Emelya's wine, he was thrown in a barrel and tossed into the sea, and his bride banished to an island in the sea opposite the palace. While floating in the waves, Emelya encountered his friend the pike, who allowed Emilyan to wish for anything his heart desired, since he had not abused his power. Emelya wished for wisdom, and when the pike pushed him to the island, Emelya fell in love with his wife. He had the hut on the island transformed into a beautiful palace, with a crystal bridge connecting to the mainland, so that his wife could visit her father, the tsar. With his new-found wisdom, he made amends with everyone, and thereafter lived happily and ruled well.

English versions

The tale was translated into English as Emelyan, the Fool[1][2][3] and Emilian the Fool.[4]

The story was retold and translated into English by Lee Wyndham in "Russian Tales of Fabulous Beasts and Marvels", illustrated by Charles Mikolaycak. Other Russian tales told by Lee Wyndham include Ivashko and the Witch, Kuzenko Sudden-Wealthy, The Magic Acorn, and The Firebird.

The tale was also published as a standalone book titled The Fool and the Fish, with illustrations by artist Gennady Spirin.

Analysis

The tale first appeared in a German language compilation of fairy tales, published by Anton Dietrich in 1831, in Leipzig. Its name was Märchen von Emeljan, dem Narren.[5] Jacob Grimm, of his famed collection, noted its great resemblance with Peruonto.[6] The similarity was also noted by mythologist Thomas Keightley, in the 19th century, in his book Tales and Popular Fictions.[7]

19th century Portuguese folklorist Consiglieri Pedroso claimed that the tale is a popular one, specially "in the East of Europe". Its name in Russian compilations are Emilian the Fool or By the Pike's Will.[8]

Jack Haney stated that the tale is "common throughout the Eastern Slavic world".[9]

Variants

Folklorist Alexander Afanasyev compiled two variants of the tale about the magic pike wherein the protagonist is the foolish character.[10][11][12]

He also collected another version about the magic pike, but the protagonist is simply a humble man, instead of a stupid and lazy boy.[13][14][15]

Cultural legacy

The tale was adapted into the 1938 film Wish upon a Pike and four Soviet animated films (1938, 1957, 1970, 1984).

See also

References
  1. Steele, Robert. The Russian garland: being Russian folk tales. London: A.M. Philpot. [1916?] pp. 166-182.
  2. Tibbitts, Charles John. Folk-Lore and Legends: Russian and Polish. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott, 1891. pp. 58-75.
  3. Dietrich, Anton, and Jacob Grimm. Russian Popular Tales: Tr. From the German Version of Anton Dietrich. London: Chapman and Hall, 1857. pp. 152-.168
  4. Ralston, William Ralston Shedden. Russian Folk-tales. New York: R. Worthington, 1878. pp. 269-272.
  5. Dietrich, Anton. Russische Volksmärchen in den Urschriften gesammelt und ins Deutsche übersetzt. Leipzig: Weidmann'sche Buchhandlung. 1831. pp. 171-186.
  6. Dietrich, Anton, and Jacob Grimm. Russian Popular Tales: Tr. From the German Version of Anton Dietrich'. London: Chapman and Hall, 1857. p. viii.
  7. Keightley, Thomas. Tales And Popular Fictions: Their Resemblance, And Transmission From Country to Country. London: Whittaker. 1834. pp. 303-336.
  8. Pedroso, Consiglieri. Portuguese Folk-Tales. London: Published for the Folk-Lore Society. 1882. pp. vii.
  9. Haney, Jack V. The Complete Russian Folktale: v. 4: Russian Wondertales 2 - Tales of Magic and the Supernatural. New York: Routledge. 2019 [2001]. p. 437. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315700076
  10. Tales nr. 165-166: "Емеля-дурак". In: The Complete Folktales of A. N. Afanas'ev, Volume I, Volume 1. Edited by Jack V. Haney. University Press of Mississippi. 2014. ISBN 978-1-62846-093-3
  11. "Emelia the Fool." In: The Complete Folktales of A. N. Afanas’ev: Volume I, edited by Haney Jack V., 429-38. Jackson: University Press of Mississippi, 2014. Accessed November 17, 2020. doi:10.2307/j.ctt9qhm7n.110.
  12. https://ru.wikisource.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BA%D0%B8_(%D0%90%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%B5%D0%B2)/%D0%95%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8F-%D0%B4%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BA
  13. Tale nr. 167: "По щучьему веленью". In: The Complete Folktales of A. N. Afanas'ev, Volume I, Volume 1. Edited by Jack V. Haney. University Press of Mississippi. 2014. ISBN 978-1-62846-093-3
  14. "At the Pike’s Command." In: The Complete Folktales of A. N. Afanas’ev: Volume I, edited by Haney Jack V., 439-42. Jackson: University Press of Mississippi, 2014. Accessed November 17, 2020. doi:10.2307/j.ctt9qhm7n.111.
  15. https://ru.wikisource.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BA%D0%B8_(%D0%90%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%B5%D0%B2)/%D0%9F%D0%BE_%D1%89%D1%83%D1%87%D1%8C%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%83_%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8C%D1%8E

Bibliography
  • Lee Wyndham, Russian Tales of Fabulous Beasts and Marvels, “Foolish Emilyan and the Talking Fish”
  • Thomas P. Whitney (transl.), In a Certain Kingdom: Twelve Russian Fairy Tales
  • Moura Budberg and Amabel Williams-Ellis, Russian Fairy Tales
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.