Arap

The Arap (Somali: Arab, Arabic: عرب‎, Full Name: Muhammad (Arab) Sheikh Ishaaq ibn Ahmad) clan is one of the major sub-clans of the wider Isaaq clan and is the twin of Garhajis (Ismail), according to the clan genealogy.[1] The Arap predominantly live on the southwest side of Hargisa and in the Hawd region of Somaliland with its capital as Baligubadle, which is a exclusively an Arap territory.[2] The territory of the clan extends to Ethiopia.[3] The Abdalle Arap, a sub-clan of the Arap clan are based in the Togdheer and Sahil regions.[4][5]

Arap
Arap
Regions with significant populations
Languages
Somali, Arabic
Religion
Islam (Sunni)
Related ethnic groups
Garhajis, Ayub, Habr Awal, Habr Je'lo and other Isaaq groups

History

Along with the other constituent sub-clans of the Habr Magaadle confederation (including Garhajis, Habr Awal and Ayub), the Arap too took part in the conquest of Abyssinia under the Adal Sultanate. The Habar Magaadle are known for producing a historical figure known as Ahmad Gurey bin Husain, who was the right-hand man of Ahmad ibn Ibrahim al-Ghazi.[6]

Role in the SNM

Baligubadle, which straddles the border between Ethiopia and Somaliland, was the headquarters of the Somali National Movement (SNM) during the liberation of Somaliland from the regime of general Siad Barre.[7]

The Araps were heavily involved the SNM. For example, Hassan Isse Jama was one of original founders of the SNM in London.[8] He was also the first vice president of Somaliland and served as the deputy chairman of the SNM.[8] Furthermore in 1983, Sultan Mohamed sultan Farah of the Arap clan was the first sultan to leave Somalia to Ethiopia and openly cooperate with the SNM.[9] The Araps were the first clan to disarm their militia (the 10th division under Guutada Sheekh Sancaani) and hand over their weapons after the liberation of Somaliland. Sultan Mohamed sultan Farah agreed to lead the process of demobilization. This put pressure on other clans to follow suit, and, in early 1994, a well-staged ceremony was held in the Hargeysa football stadium to hand over weapons.[10][11]

The Arap clan is divided into the following sub-clans:[12]

  • Eli Arap
  • Ithman Arap
  • Abdalla Arap

Notable Arap people
  • Hassan Isse Jama - One of the founding fathers of the SNM in London. Former Deputy chair of SNM, First vice president of Somaliland.[8]
  • Edna Adan Ismail - The first Somali girl to study in Britain, first qualified nurse-midwife, and former foreign minister of Somaliland.[13]
  • Farah Nur - Legendary Somali poet from late 1800s- early 1900s[14]
  • Abdi Iidan Farah - 20th century Somali poet who wrote about Somali independence and camels
  • Sheikh Mohamed sheikh Omar Dirir - Prominent religious scholar and businessman
  • Dr Omar Elmi Dihood - One of the founding fathers of the SNM and Somaliland lobbyist in the U.K
  • Ahmed Osman (Also known as "Ina Geele-Arap") - Business tycoon in Djibouti and Somaliland and founder of Somaliland Beverage Industries (SBI)
  • Boon Hersi - Comedian/Poet
  • Abdiwaasa' Hasan ali araale guleid and also well-known heersare or poeter

(gadhey)he is the best and educated man in somaliland history he's also considered as the legend of somali people he is the owner of many industries in Somaliland

References
  1. Kirk, J. W. C. (2010-10-31). A Grammar of the Somali Language: With Examples in Prose and Verse, and an Account of the Yibir and Midgan Dialects. Cambridge University Press. p. 141. ISBN 978-1-108-01326-0.
  2. Renders, Marleen. (2012). Consider Somaliland : state-building with traditional leaders and institutions. Leiden: BRILL. pp. xxi. ISBN 978-90-04-22254-0. OCLC 775301944.
  3. Glawion, Tim (2016). Somaliland's Search for Internal Recognition, SFB700 (C10 project) Research Brief 5. Hamburg: German Institute of Global and Area Studies.
  4. Somaliland: The Strains of Success. International Crisis Group. 2015.
  5. Ghani, Mohamed Hassan; Abdi, Suad Ibrahim; Duale, Ali Ege; Hersi, Mohamed Farah (2010-11-30). "Democracy in Somaliland: Challenges and Opportunities" (PDF). Academy of Peace and Development. p. 76. Retrieved 2020-07-10.
  6. "مخطوطات > بهجة الزمان > الصفحة رقم 16". makhtota.ksu.edu.sa. Retrieved 2017-08-24.
  7. Musa, Ahmed; De Giuli, Akusua; Yusuf, Ayan; Ibrahim, Mustafa (2015). Baligubadle District Conflict and Security Assessment (PDF). Hargeisa: The Observatory of Conflict and Violence Prevention.
  8. Woldemariam, Michael, 1982-. Insurgent fragmentation in the Horn of Africa : rebellion and its discontents. Cambridge, United Kingdom. ISBN 978-1-108-42325-0. OCLC 1000445166.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  9. Höhne, Markus V. (2006). "Working Paper No. 82 - Traditional Authorities in Northern Somalia: transformation of positions and powers" (PDF). Max Planck Institute for Social anthropology Working Papers. Halle / Saale: Max Planck Institute for Social Anthropology. ISSN 1615-4568.
  10. Balthasar, Dominik (May 2013). "Somaliland's best kept secret: shrewd politics and war projects as means of state-making". Journal of Eastern African Studies. 7 (2): 218–238. doi:10.1080/17531055.2013.777217. ISSN 1753-1055.
  11. Connaughton, Stacey L.; Berns, Jessica (2019). Locally led peacebuilding : global case studies. Lanham, Maryland: Rowman & Littlefield. p. 82. ISBN 1-5381-1411-9. OCLC 1099545093.
  12. Abbink, G.J. (2009). "The Total Somali Clan Genealogy (second edition)". ASC Working Papers (84): 32.
  13. Kristof, Nicholas D., 1959- (2009). Half the sky : turning oppression into opportunity for women worldwide. WuDunn, Sheryl, 1959- (1st ed.). New York: Alfred A. Knopf. p. 124. ISBN 978-0-307-26714-6. OCLC 290466888.CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  14. Roble, Faisal (2015). "Remembering Said S. Samatar". Northeast African Studies. 15 (2): 141–148. doi:10.14321/nortafristud.15.2.0141. ISSN 0740-9133.
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