Ammonium azide

Ammonium azide is the chemical compound with the formula NH₄N₃, being the salt of ammonia and hydrazoic acid. Like other inorganic azides, this colourless crystalline salt is a powerful explosive, although it has a remarkably low sensitivity. NH₄N₃ is physiologically active and inhalation of small amounts causes headaches and palpitations. It was first obtained by Theodor Curtius in 1890, along with other azides.

Ammonium azide

Names
Other names Ammonium trinitride
Identifiers
CAS Number	12164-94-2
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
ChemSpider	8488511
ECHA InfoCard	100.032.093
EC Number	235-315-4
PubChem CID	61555
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID10923913
InChI InChI=1S/HN3.H3N/c1-3-2;/h1H;1H3 Key: MXZUDRZKSUUQRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SMILES N.N=[N+]=[N-]
Properties
Chemical formula	NH4N3, NH3.HN3
Molar mass	60.059 g/mol
Appearance	White crystalline solid
Odor	Odorless
Density	1.3459 g/cm^3
Melting point	160 °C (320 °F; 433 K)
Boiling point	400 °C (752 °F; 673 K) (decomposes)
Structure[1]
Crystal structure	orthorhombic
Space group	Pman
Lattice constant	a = 8.930, b = 8.642, c = 3.800
Formula units (Z)	4
Hazards
Main hazards	Very toxic, explosive
Related compounds
Other anions	Ammonium nitrate Ammonium cyanide
Other cations	Sodium azide Potassium azide
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Infobox references

Structure

Ammonium azide is ionic. Ammonium azide contains about 93% nitrogen by weight as ammonium cation and azide anion. It is a structural isomer of tetrazene.

References

1. Frevel, Ludo K. (1 January 1936). "The Crystal Structure of Ammonium Azide, NH4N3". Zeitschrift für Kristallographie - Crystalline Materials. 94 (1–6): 197. doi:10.1524/zkri.1936.94.1.197.

• Yakovleva, G. S.; Kurbangalina, R. Kh.; Stesik, L. N. (1977). "Detonation properties of ammonium azide". Combustion, Explosion, and Shock Waves. 13 (3): 405. doi:10.1007/BF00740326.
• Salim de Amorim, Helio; do Amaral, M. R.; Pattison P.; Ludka I. P.; Mendes, J. C. (2002). "Ammonium azide: A Commented Example of an Ab Initio Structure (Re-)Determination From X-Ray Diffraction" (PDF). Revista de la Sociedad Quimica de México. 45 (4): 313–319. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2012-04-06.
• Curtius, Th. (1890). "Ueber Stickstoffwasserstoffsäure (Azoimid) N₃H". Berichte der Deutschen Chemischen Gesellschaft. 23 (2): 3023–3033. doi:10.1002/cber.189002302232.