Albert Édouard Le Brethon de Caligny

Albert Édouard Le Brethon de Caligny (11 December 1833 Pont-l'Évêque, Calvados – 17 January 1863, Shaoxing) was a French Navy officer and founder of the Ever Victorious Army.

Albert Édouard Le Brethon de Caligny
Born	11 December 1833 Pont-l'Évêque, Calvados
Died	17 January 1863 (aged 29) Shaoxing
Allegiance	France  Qing Empire
Service/branch	French Navy Military of the Qing dynasty
Years of service	1853 - 1863
Rank	Lieutenant de vaisseau

Career

After studies at the École Polytechnique, Le Brethon joined the French Navy, rising to midshipman in 1855. He served on Persévérante and on Lavoisier before rising to Ensign on 9 October 1857.[1]

He took part in the Italian unification on Tempête in 1859 before transferring on the frigate Forte the next year. He distinguished himself during the Battle of Shanghai while leading a landing party, and was awarded command of Confucius.[1]

Promoted to Lieutenant on 10 May 1862, Le Brethon was tasked to instruct locally recruited troops, leading to the training of the Ever Victorious Army.[2] From October, he commanded a mixed troop of French and Chinese soldiers fighting the Taiping Rebellion.[1] On 17 January 1863, he was killed at Shaoxing by the explosion of an artillery piece.[3]

Posthumously promoted to general in the Chinese Army, he was buried at Kangpo.[1] The gunboat Aigrette was renamed to Le Brethon in his honour.

Notes, citations, and references

Notes

Citations

1. Albert Edouard Le BRETHON de CALIGNY, Parcours d'officiers dans la Royale
2. Gazette de Changhai - 5 : Les malheurs de la Concession continuent : le deuxième assaut des Taiping, Consulat général de France à Shanghai
3. Roche, vol.1, p.85

References

• Roche, Jean-Michel (2005). Dictionnaire des bâtiments de la flotte de guerre française de Colbert à nos jours 1 1671 - 1870. p. 85. ISBN 978-2-9525917-0-6. OCLC 165892922.
• LE BRETHON de COLIGNY Albert, Édouard, MÉMORIAL DES OFFICIERS DE MARINE