Alan Jamieson

Alan Jamieson is a British marine biologist, engineer, explorer and author, best known for his deep-sea exploration and studying life at the deepest places in the oceans.[1] He is known for extensive use of deep-sea landers[2] to establish the maximum depth and community dynamics of many organismal groups, as well as the discovery of many new species and highlighting the presence of anthropogenic impacts at full ocean depth. During the Five Deeps Expedition, and follow on expeditions in 2020, he completed various dives in a manned submersible to some of the deepest places in the world. He has published over 100 scientific papers[3] and participated in 65 deep-sea expeditions.[4]

Education and career

Jamieson was born in Scotland and grew up in Largs in Ayrshire, and then Longniddry in East Lothian. He attended Preston Lodge High School in Prestonpans. From 1995 to 1999, he obtained a BSc Honours degree in Design for Industry at Robert Gordon University’s Gray’s School of Art in Aberdeen. In 2000 he joined the newly formed Oceanlab at the University of Aberdeen as mechanical technician where he also completed a part time PhD entitled Autonomous lander technology for biological research at mid-water, abyssal and hadal depths,[5] graduating in 2004. During his time in Aberdeen he worked, studied and published under Professor Imants ‘Monty’ Priede. Following two postdoc positions he became a lecturer and then senior lecturer at the University of Aberdeen, based at the Oceanlab field station in Newburgh. In 2016 he joined the School of Marine Science and Technology at Newcastle University. In 2019 he founded the company Armatus Oceanic, focused in marine technology R&D, expeditions and science dissemination. Through Armatus Oceanic, Alan co-runs the Deep Sea Podcast with Dr Thomas Linley.[6]

Scientific Impact

Jamieson’s early scientific work focussed largely on technology driven studies into deep-sea fish behaviour and pelagic bioluminescence. He completed two EU funded postdocs, the first a sediment dynamics project named COBO (Coastal Ocean Benthic Observatories[7]), that involved the design and construction of a deep-water Sediment Profile Imaging camera (SPI), the second was an astrophysics project named KM3NeT (Cubic Kilometre Neutrino Telescope), where he surveyed deep-water pelagic bioluminescence across potential sites for an underwater neutrino telescope[8] in the Mediterranean.[9]

During his time at Oceanlab, he began a series of projects relating to exploring the hadal zone (depths exceeding 6000m). He designed and constructed two full ocean depth rated landers to carry baited cameras, traps and other sensors to depth of early 11,000m.[10][11] Between 2007 and 2013 he participated in and often led a series of seagoing expeditions that included the first finding of the taxonomic order Decapoda at hadal depths (including the deepest prawn ever found[12]), the first video of fish greater than 6000m,[13] filmed the deepest fish in the southern hemisphere,[14] the deepest fish ever filmed[15] (at the time), the deepest eel ever found,[16] and the first footage and discovery of the ‘supergiant amphipod’ at hadal depths.[17] These were achieved across a series 11 expeditions spanning the Japan, Izu-Bonin, Mariana, Kermadec, New Hebrides, Tonga and Peru-Chile trenches in collaboration with the University of Tokyo’s Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute (AORI; Japan) and the National Institute for Water and Atmospheric research (NIWA; New Zealand). These expeditions also saw the discovery of a hadal amphipod species later to be named after him: Princaxelia jamiesoni.[18]

In 2014, Jamieson was a co-Principal investigator on the joint US-UK-NZ Hades projects: Hades-K to the Kermadec Trench and Hades-M to the Mariana Trench. The former was the first expedition to use the HROV Nereus to full scientific capacity. The vehicle was lost during this expedition,[19] but by using spare parts and scrap metal, Jamieson constructed a full ocean depth lander, known as the Wee Trap, that days later captured the deepest fish ever caught, Pseudoliparis swirei.[20] On the second expedition, to the Mariana Trench, he set a new record for the deepest fish (the ‘Ethereal Snailfish’ at 8145 metres deep) and the first video footage of the supergiant amphipod, Alicella gigantea.[21]

From 2015 to 2017, Jamieson led the ‘PharmaDEEP’ expedition to the South Shetland Trench in Antarctica on the Spanish naval ship Hesperides and participated in the Japanese RV Shinyo Maru expedition to the Mariana Trench in 2017, with the Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology for the Discovery Channel documentary Deep Ocean, Descent into the Mariana Trench,[22] produced by NHK.

A replica of Jamieson’s third Hadal-Lander was constructed and used in a sequence in Episode 2 (The Deep) of the documentary Blue Planet II. The Hadal-Lander is seen descending into a CG model of a subduction trench, alongside some footage obtained during Hades-K and Hades-M.

His most recent publications include the deepest cephalopod (octopus) ever filmed,[23] description of the DSV Limiting Factor[24] full ocean depth submersible, a review of the deepest places in each ocean,[25] and a contribution to an industrial scheme to eliminate plastic pollution with the Minderoo Foundation.[26]

He was a guest presenter at New Scientist Live at the ExCel London centre in September 2017 [n38] where he also joined BBC World Service’s Science in Action live panel show with Roland Pease.[27]

The Five Deeps Expedition

In 2018, undersea explorer Victor Vescovo selected Jamieson to be the Chief Scientist on the Five Deeps Expedition, whose objective was to thoroughly map and visit the deepest point of all five of the world's oceans by the end of September 2019 in a two-person full ocean depth submersible. Jamieson joined the expedition on the DSSV Pressure Drop in July 2018 and oversaw 103 deep-sea lander deployments spanning the Abaco Canyon, offshore Bahamas, Grand Banks, Puerto Rico Trench and the Agulhas Fracture Zone in the Atlantic Ocean, the South Sandwich Trench in the Southern Ocean, the Diamantina Fracture Zone and Java Trench in the Indian Ocean, the Mariana Trench, San Cristobal Trench, Santa Cruz Trench and Tonga Trench in the Pacific Ocean, and the Molloy Hole in the Arctic Ocean.[28]

During the expedition he descended to a depth of 7180m in the Java Trench,[29] and then to 10,710m in Sirena Deep in the Mariana Trench, 7200m in the Puerto Rico Trench and 2000m in the Arctic with Vescovo. The first of these dives made him the first British citizen to reach hadal depths, and the second of these dives, made him the 8th deepest diving human in history.[30]

Jamieson rejoined the DSSV Pressure Drop in February 2020 for Caladan Phase I Expedition to the wreck site of La Minerve. In March 2020 he was Chief Scientific on the Phase III expedition to the deepest point of the Red Sea (Suakin Trough), where Jamieson and Vescovo successfully explored the Kebrit Brine Pool in the submersible.

Notable publications

In 2015, Jamieson published a book entitled The Hadal Zone, Life in the Deepest oceans[31] with Cambridge University Press, which was nominated for the Royal Society of Biology Book of the Year award (2015), and endorsed by film director and explorer James Cameron.

Notable publications include a paper entitled Bioaccumulation of persistent organic pollutants in the deepest ocean fauna,[32] published in Nature ecology & evolution, Fishes of the hadal zone including new species, in situ observations and depth records of Liparidae,[33] published in 2016 in the journal Deep Sea Research Part I.

Jamieson was part of the team that led to the discovery of microplastics at full ocean depth,[34] and was involved in a recent campaign with the WWF (Call it plastic) to name a hadal species Eurythenes plasticus[35][36]

References
  1. Jamieson, Alan J.; Fujii, Toyonobu; Solan, Martin; Priede, Imants G. (2009-12-01). "HADEEP: Free-Falling Landers to the Deepest Places on Earth". Marine Technology Society Journal. 43 (5): 151–160. doi:10.4031/MTSJ.43.5.17.
  2. Biological sampling in the deep sea. Clark, Malcolm R., 1956-, Consalvey, Mireille,, Rowden, A. A. (Ashley Alun). Hoboken, New Jersey. 16 March 2016. ISBN 978-1-118-33248-1. OCLC 924683565.CS1 maint: others (link)
  3. "Alan J. Jamieson - Google Scholar". scholar.google.co.uk. Retrieved 2020-07-08.
  4. "Expeditions". Armatus Oceanic. Retrieved 2020-07-08.
  5. Jamieson, Alan J. (2004). Autonomous lander technology for biological research at mid-water, abyssal and hadal depths (Ph.D. thesis). University of Aberdeen.
  6. "The Deep-Sea Podcast". Armatus Oceanic. Retrieved 2021-01-20.
  7. Bell, E.; Apitz, S. E.; Breuer, E.; Damgaard, L.; Gilbert, F.; Glud, R.; Hall, P.; Jamieson, A.; Kershaw, P.; Lansard, B.; Nickell, L. (2008). "Integrating new technologies for the study of benthic ecosystems response to human activity: towards a coastal ocean benthic observatory (COBO)". EPIC3Proceedings of the Italian Association of Oceanology and Limnology, 19, Pp. 73-78. 19: 73–78.
  8. Adrián-Martínez, S.; Ageron, M.; Aguilar, J.A.; Aharonian, F.; Aiello, S.; Albert, A.; Alexandri, M.; Ameli, F.; Anassontzis, E.G.; Anghinolfi, M.; Anton, G. (February 2013). "Detection potential of the KM3NeT detector for high-energy neutrinos from the Fermi bubbles". Astroparticle Physics. 42: 7–14. arXiv:1208.1226. Bibcode:2013APh....42....7K. doi:10.1016/j.astropartphys.2012.11.010. hdl:10251/44436.
  9. The KM3NeT collaboration (2013-03-18). "Expansion cone for the 3-inch PMTs of the KM3NeT optical modules". Journal of Instrumentation. 8 (3): T03006. Bibcode:2013JInst...8.3006T. doi:10.1088/1748-0221/8/03/T03006. hdl:10251/45556. ISSN 1748-0221.
  10. Jamieson, Alan J.; Fujii, Toyonobu; Solan, Martin; Priede, Imants G. (2009-12-01). "HADEEP: Free-Falling Landers to the Deepest Places on Earth". Marine Technology Society Journal. 43 (5): 151–160. doi:10.4031/MTSJ.43.5.17.
  11. Jamieson, A.J.; Fujii, T.; Solan, M.; Matsumoto, A.K.; Bagley, P.M.; Priede, I.G. (2009). "First findings of decapod crustacea in the hadal zone". Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers. 56 (4): 641–647. Bibcode:2009DSRI...56..641J. doi:10.1016/j.dsr.2008.11.003. ISSN 0967-0637.
  12. Jamieson, A. J.; Fujii, T.; Solan, M.; Matsumoto, A. K.; Bagley, P. M.; Priede, I. G. (2009-04-01). "First findings of decapod crustacea in the hadal zone". Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers. 56 (4): 641–647. Bibcode:2009DSRI...56..641J. doi:10.1016/j.dsr.2008.11.003. ISSN 0967-0637.
  13. Jamieson, A. J.; Fujii, T.; Solan, M.; Matsumoto, A. K.; Bagley, P. M.; Priede, I. G. (2009-04-01). "First findings of decapod crustacea in the hadal zone". Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers. 56 (4): 641–647. Bibcode:2009DSRI...56..641J. doi:10.1016/j.dsr.2008.11.003. ISSN 0967-0637.
  14. Jamieson, A. J.; Kilgallen, N. M.; Rowden, A. A.; Fujii, T.; Horton, T.; Lörz, A. -N.; Kitazawa, K.; Priede, I. G. (2011-01-01). "Bait-attending fauna of the Kermadec Trench, SW Pacific Ocean: Evidence for an ecotone across the abyssal–hadal transition zone". Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers. 58 (1): 49–62. Bibcode:2011DSRI...58...49J. doi:10.1016/j.dsr.2010.11.003. ISSN 0967-0637.
  15. "Deep-sea fish captured on camera". 2009-11-12. Retrieved 2020-07-08.
  16. Linley, Thomas D.; Gerringer, Mackenzie E.; Yancey, Paul H.; Drazen, Jeffrey C.; Weinstock, Chloe L.; Jamieson, Alan J. (2016). "Fishes of the hadal zone including new species, in situ observations and depth records of Liparidae". Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers. 114: 99–110. Bibcode:2016DSRI..114...99L. doi:10.1016/j.dsr.2016.05.003.
  17. Jamieson, A. J.; Lacey, N. C.; Lörz, A. -N.; Rowden, A. A.; Piertney, S. B. (2013-08-01). "The supergiant amphipod Alicella gigantea (Crustacea: Alicellidae) from hadal depths in the Kermadec Trench, SW Pacific Ocean". Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography. Deep-Sea Biodiversity and Life History Processes. 92: 107–113. Bibcode:2013DSRII..92..107J. doi:10.1016/j.dsr2.2012.12.002. ISSN 0967-0645.
  18. Jamieson, Alan J.; Lörz, Anne-Nina; Fujii, Toyonobu; Priede, Imants G. (2011-04-19). "In situ observations of trophic behaviour and locomotion of Princaxelia amphipods (Crustacea: Pardaliscidae) at hadal depths in four West Pacific Trenches". Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom. 92 (1): 143–150. doi:10.1017/s0025315411000452. hdl:2164/2819. ISSN 0025-3154.
  19. "Robotic Deep-sea Vehicle Lost on Dive to 6-Mile Depth".
  20. Gerringer, Mackenzie E.; Linley, Thomas D.; Jamieson, Alan J.; Goetze, Erica; Drazen, Jeffrey C. (2017-11-28). "Pseudoliparis swirei sp. nov.: A newly-discovered hadal snailfish (Scorpaeniformes: Liparidae) from the Mariana Trench". Zootaxa. 4358 (1): 161–177. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4358.1.7. ISSN 1175-5334. PMID 29245485.
  21. "Deep Ocean: Descent into the Mariana Trench | NEP Program Finder". pf.nhk-ep.co.jp. Retrieved 2020-07-08.
  22. "Deep Ocean: Descent into the Mariana Trench | NEP Program Finder". pf.nhk-ep.co.jp. Retrieved 2020-07-08.
  23. Jamieson, Alan J.; Vecchione, Michael (2020-05-26). "First in situ observation of Cephalopoda at hadal depths (Octopoda: Opisthoteuthidae: Grimpoteuthis sp.)". Marine Biology. 167 (6): 82. doi:10.1007/s00227-020-03701-1. ISSN 1432-1793.
  24. Jamieson, A,J.; Ramsey, J; Lahey, P (2019). "Hadal manned submersible". Sea Technology. 60: 22–24.
  25. Stewart, Heather A.; Jamieson, Alan J. (2019-10-01). "The five deeps: The location and depth of the deepest place in each of the world's oceans". Earth-Science Reviews. 197: 102896. Bibcode:2019ESRv..19702896S. doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2019.102896. ISSN 0012-8252.
  26. Forrest, Andrew; Giacovazzi, Luca; Dunlop, Sarah; Reisser, Julia; Tickler, David; Jamieson, Alan; Meeuwig, Jessica J. (2019). "Eliminating Plastic Pollution: How a Voluntary Contribution From Industry Will Drive the Circular Plastics Economy". Frontiers in Marine Science. 6. doi:10.3389/fmars.2019.00627. ISSN 2296-7745. S2CID 202745177.
  27. "BBC World Service - Science in Action, Understanding the Natural World". BBC. Retrieved 2020-07-08.
  28. "Five Deeps Expedition is complete after historic dive to the bottom of the Arctic Ocean" (PDF).
  29. "Deep sea pioneer makes history again as first human to dive to the deepest point in the Indian Ocean, the Java Trench" (PDF).
  30. Jamieson, Alan J. (2020). "The Five Deeps Expedition and an Update of Full Ocean Depth Exploration and Explorers". Marine Technology Society Journal. 54: 6–12. doi:10.4031/mtsj.54.1.1.
  31. Jamieson, Alan (2015). The Hadal Zone: Life in the Deepest Oceans. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. doi:10.1017/cbo9781139061384. ISBN 978-1-139-06138-4.
  32. Jamieson, Alan J.; Malkocs, Tamas; Piertney, Stuart B.; Fujii, Toyonobu; Zhang, Zulin (2017). "Bioaccumulation of persistent organic pollutants in the deepest ocean fauna". Nature Ecology & Evolution. 1 (3): 0051. doi:10.1038/s41559-016-0051. hdl:2164/9142. ISSN 2397-334X. PMID 28812719. S2CID 9192602.
  33. Linley, Thomas D.; Gerringer, Mackenzie E.; Yancey, Paul H.; Drazen, Jeffrey C.; Weinstock, Chloe L.; Jamieson, Alan J. (2016). "Fishes of the hadal zone including new species, in situ observations and depth records of Liparidae". Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers. 114: 99–110. Bibcode:2016DSRI..114...99L. doi:10.1016/j.dsr.2016.05.003.
  34. Jamieson, A. J.; Brooks, L. S. R.; Reid, W. D. K.; Piertney, S. B.; Narayanaswamy, B. E.; Linley, T. D. (2019). "Microplastics and synthetic particles ingested by deep-sea amphipods in six of the deepest marine ecosystems on Earth". Royal Society Open Science. 6 (2): 180667. Bibcode:2019RSOS....680667J. doi:10.1098/rsos.180667. ISSN 2054-5703. PMC 6408374. PMID 30891254.
  35. Weston, Johanna N. J.; Carrillo-Barragan, Priscilla; Linley, Thomas D.; Reid, William D. K.; Jamieson, Alan J. (2020-03-05). "New species of Eurythenes from hadal depths of the Mariana Trench, Pacific Ocean (Crustacea: Amphipoda)". Zootaxa. 4748 (1): 163–181. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4748.1.9. ISSN 1175-5334. PMID 32230092.
  36. Alexander, Nicolas (2020). "Meet the newly discovered ocean species: plastic".
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