Akjoujt

Akjoujt
Akjoujt ; أكجوجت
	Skyline of Akjoujt
	Akjoujt Location in Mauritania
	Coordinates: 19°45′N 14°23′W
Country	Mauritania
Region	Inchiri
Population
• Total	11,235

Akjoujt (Arabic: أكجوجت) is a small city in western Mauritania. It is the capital of Inchiri region. "Akjoujt" (ɑk'ʤuʤt) means 'wells'.[1] The city's main industry is gold and copper mining.

History

Archeologists have discovered that as early as 1000 BC, copper smelting and mining was occurring in Akjoujt.[2] According to archeologist Nicole N. Lambert, metallurgical traces and discovery sites proves relation between Mauritanian metallurgy and the introduction of Berbers into the western Sahara and the Sahel.[3] In 1992 the city's old copper mine was repurposed into a gold mine. The company, Mines d'Or d'Akjoujt (MORAK), which was government-subsidized, was using many volatile and dangerous chemicals in the mines, and livestock and other animals in the area began to die. The runoff from the mine was stored in a plastic-lined retention pond and was very close to the city's water supply. Despite warnings that the rainfall in the area could cause the toxic material to spread, the mining continued for four years. MORAK, in order to boost support, offered free drinking water and placed fences around the facility, but had little effect on public opinion.

Homes being built in Akjoujt

The Mauritanian government allegedly suppressed information regarding the mine's safety issues and MORAK fired employees who reported health problems. The director of health in Akjoujt was transferred to Nouakchott after he suggested health screenings for miners. The gold mine closed in 1996.[4] As of 2011, the Mauritanian government was planning to expand and rehabilitate the water supply system in Akjoujt and several other cities and towns.[5]

Mauritanian President Mohamed Ould Abdel Aziz is a native of Akjoujt. Summers in Akjoujt are extremely hot, with temperatures reaching up to 50.0 degrees Celsius (122 degrees Fahrenheit).

Sister cities

Akjoujt is twinned with:

Meram, Konya Province, Turkey[6]

References

As told by a village elder to Carl Masthay, St. Louis, Missouri, at his request in June 1973 while in Akjoujt for 6 days.
Connah, Graham. "The Origins of African Iron-Working." Forgotten Africa: An Introduction to Its Archaeology. Louisville: Presbyterian Corporation, 2004. 55. Print.
Dickman, Daryl A. "Abstracts." Abstract/Index to A.S.A. Annual Meeting Papers, 1960-1974. Camden: African Studies Association, 1976. 20. Print.
Pazzanita, Anthony G. "Environment." Historical Dictionary of Mauritania. 3rd ed. Vol. 110. Lanham: Scarecrow, 2008. 192. Print. Historical Dictionaries of Africa.
International Monetary Fund. "XIX. Water and Sanitation in Urban Areas." Islamic Republic of Mauritania: Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper. Vol. 2. Washington, D.C.: International Monetary Fund, 2011. 120. Print. Staff Country Reports.
Farhaoui, Fouad. "Two Powers Rising in Mauritania: Turkey and China." Mauritania and Newly Emerging Economies in Africa Turkey and China. N.p.: International Strategic Research Organization, 2013. 46. USAK Report. Web.

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[1] As told by a village elder to Carl Masthay, St. Louis, Missouri, at his request in June 1973 while in Akjoujt for 6 days.

[2] Connah, Graham. "The Origins of African Iron-Working." Forgotten Africa: An Introduction to Its Archaeology. Louisville: Presbyterian Corporation, 2004. 55. Print.

[3] Dickman, Daryl A. "Abstracts." Abstract/Index to A.S.A. Annual Meeting Papers, 1960-1974. Camden: African Studies Association, 1976. 20. Print.

[4] Pazzanita, Anthony G. "Environment." Historical Dictionary of Mauritania. 3rd ed. Vol. 110. Lanham: Scarecrow, 2008. 192. Print. Historical Dictionaries of Africa.

[5] International Monetary Fund. "XIX. Water and Sanitation in Urban Areas." Islamic Republic of Mauritania: Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper. Vol. 2. Washington, D.C.: International Monetary Fund, 2011. 120. Print. Staff Country Reports.

[6] Farhaoui, Fouad. "Two Powers Rising in Mauritania: Turkey and China." Mauritania and Newly Emerging Economies in Africa Turkey and China. N.p.: International Strategic Research Organization, 2013. 46. USAK Report. Web.