Akhundzada Saif-ur-Rahman Mubarak

Akhundzada Pir Saif ur Rahman Mubarak (Arabic: آخوندزاده سيف الرحمان مبارك‎) also known as Mubarak Sarkar (1925–2010) was a Sufi Shaikh (Guide) of the Naqshbandi Mujaddadi Tariqa, the founder of the Naqshbandi Mujaddidi Saifia Tariqa. He adhered to the Sunni Maturidi aqeedah (belief set) and practised the Hanafi school of Islam.[1]

Akhundzada Saif ur Rahman Mubarak
TitleQayyum-e-Zaman
Mujaddid-e-Dauran
Shahanshah-e-Khorasan
Other namesPeer-e-Archi
Hazrat Sahib
Kajurai Baba
Personal
BornMuharram 20, 1344 AH, August 10, 1925 CE
DiedRajab 14, 1431 AH, June 27, 2010 CE
ReligionIslam
EraModern era
RegionAfghanistan, Pakistan
JurisprudenceHanafi
CreedMaturidi
Main interest(s)Naqashbandi Sufi
Notable work(s)Islamic Scholar
Other namesPeer-e-Archi
Hazrat Sahib
Kajurai Baba
OrderNaqshbandiyah, Chishtiyah, Qadiriyah, Suhrawardiyah
Muslim leader

He is known for the induction of Wajad (spiritual ecstasy) during gatherings of Zikr (Remembrance of God).[2] Many people have accepted Islam through him.[3] His followers observe strict compliance with Sunnah, acquire activation of Lataif-e-sitta, and experience Wajad during Zikr.[4]

Early life

He was born in a small village named Baba Kalai, about 20 km (12 mi) from Jalalabad on Muharram 20, 1344 AH (August 10, 1925 CE).[5] His father, Sufi Hafiz Qari Muhammad Sarfraz Khan, a disciple of Sheikh Haji Muhammad Amin, a sheikh from Qadiriyah sufi order.[5]

Education

Akhundzada Saif ur Rahman Mubarak's basic education from his father included Qur'an study. When he was 13 his mother died. For formal religious education, he moved to Peshawar in the early 1940s and stayed there for many years, gaining knowledge of Tafseer, Hadith, Usul-e-Fiqah, Aqaid and Tajweed.[5]

After completion of his education he returned to Afghanistan, living in Kunduz. He was allotted land by Afghan Government in Archi. Akhundzada Saif ur Rahman Mubarak, now a religious scholar, constructed a mosque and himself became Imam and Khateeb of the mosque. He also started offering free Dars-e-Nizami courses to the students, both beginners and advanced.[5]

Entry into Sufism

During his stay at Archi, Akhundzada Saif ur Rahman Mubarak, who had developed a special interest in Sufism and had resorted to private study for a conceptual understanding of the subject, met Naqshbandi sheikh and sufi scholar Shah Rasul Taloqani;[6] he requested bay'ah. He was instantly granted Qalbi Zikr and bay'ah in Naqshbandiyah order. During the very first sitting all five Lataif of Aalim-e-Amr were activated. At that time he was 32 years of age.[5]

Shah Rasool Taloqani being old and weak, had instructed his salikeen (disciples) to remain in the company of his favourite murid, Maulana Muhammad Hashim Samangani, after his departure. He died in 1381 A.H. Following the instructions of his sheikh, Akhundzada Saif ur Rahman Mubarak got bay'ah from Samangani, who renewed the zikr and started guiding Akhundzada Saif ur Rahman Mubarak in his spiritual journey.[5]

Maulana Hashim Samangani, in 1387 A.H., fell ill and called for Akhundzada Saif ur Rahman Mubarak, who had been granted limited Khilafat, to share the responsibilities of training the other salikeen. This not only provided opportunity to Akhundzada Saif ur Rahman Mubarak to enjoy the company of his Murshid, but also gave an implicit indication of his superiority over other Salikeen, by the Murshid. Akhundzada Mubarak performed his duties with such vigour and sense of responsibility that his Murshid gave him Mutliq (autonomous) Khilafat.[5]

He spent three years in service of his Murshid after which he was directed to Sheikh Haji Pachero for training in the Qadiriyah. Soon he was bestowed with Khilafat of that order too. He then went to Nowshehra, Pakistan, where he spent some time and imparted coaching to the salikeen in the vicinity. After some time, he returned to Afghanistan and traveled in various parts of the country including Nangarhar, Jalalabad and Laghman. On instructions by his Murshid, Akhundzada Saif ur Rahman Mubarak returned to Archi where he remained busy spreading the essence of the religion.[5]

Maulana Hashim Samangani died in 1391 A.H. Before his death, he had ordered all his disciples to keep the company of Akhundzada Pir Saif ur Rahman Mubarak. In 1398 AH Akhundzada Mubarak performed Hajj. He also visited Madinah and visited various regions on his journey back to Afghanistan.[7]

Emigration to Pakistan

Akhundzada Pir Saif ur Rahman Mubarak decided to leave Afghanistan in 1978 prior to the Soviet–Afghan War for his murshid who rested in Pir Sabaq, a small town near Nowshehra, where for three years he provided religious guidance. In 1409–1410 A.H., Afridi tribes of Bara offered him land for a meeting house, which he accepted. At this juncture the Saifi order originated. He built a mosque, Dar-ul-Ulum and khanqah for a place where he could continue spiritual training of his disciples.[5]

In Bara his preaching[4] was opposed by Mufti Munir Shakir, a Deobandi cleric, backed by activists of his armed group, Lashkar-e-Islam, who had earlier been expelled from Kurram Agency by the Political Agency due to his active involvement in sectarian violence[8] and who resorted to violence against Pir Saif ur Rahman Mubarak including initiation of FM-based propaganda[9] attacking and burning property.[8]

Due to tense situation in Bara owing to conflict with Munir Shakir, Akhundzada Saif ur Rahman Mubarak moved to Lahore. Since then he lived in Faqirabad, Lahore. On Sunday, June 27, 2010, at 2:00 am, Akhundzada Saif ur Rahman Mubarak died; he was buried in Faqirabad, Lahore.

References
  1. Muḥammad ʻĀmir Rānā, Rohan Gunaratna. Al-Qaeda fights back inside Pakistani Tribal Areas. Pak Institute for Peace Studies, 2007
  2. Ken Lizzio, PhD Ritual and Charisma in Naqshbandi Sufi Mysticism page 21 and elsewhere
  3. Ken Lizzio, PhD, Ritual and Charisma in Naqshbandi Sufi Mysticism page 16
  4. Ken Lizzio, PhD, Ritual and Charisma in Naqshbandi Sufi Mysticism ISSN 1653-6355 Published 2007-02-21
  5. Quarterly Anwar-e-Riza, 3rd Quarter, 2008 (سه ماهى, انوار رضا, ٢٠٠٨ كا تيسرا شماره)
  6. Allama Ali Muhammad Balkhi, Tareekh-e-Auliya
  7. Quarterly Anwar-e-Riza, Volume 4, No. 3, 2010 (سه ماهى, انوار رضا, جلد نمبر 4، شمارہ نمبر3، ۲۰۱۰ٔ؁)
  8. Pak Refugee Tribunal, Australia RRT Research Response Number PAK31546
  9. James Town Foundation, Terrorism Monitor Vol: 7 Issue: 14, The FM Mullahs and the Taliban’s Propaganda War in Pakistan, sub-heading 'The Original FM Mullah'
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