Agelas dispar

Agelas dispar
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Porifera
Class:	Demospongiae
Order:	Agelasida
Family:	Agelasidae
Genus:	Agelas
Species:	A. dispar
Binomial name
	Agelas dispar; Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864[1]
Synonyms[1]
	Agelas clavaeformis (Carter, 1883); Agelas sparsus (Gray, 1867); Agelas sparsus var. clavaeformis (Carter, 1883); Ectyon clavaeformis Carter, 1883; Ectyon sparsus Gray, 1867; Ectyon sparsus var. clavaeformis Carter, 1883;

Agelas dispar is a species of demosponge in the family Agelasidae. It lives on shallow-water reefs in the Caribbean Sea and around the West Indies.

Taxonomy

Agelas dispar is the type species of the genus and was first described in 1864 by the French naturalist Édouard Placide Duchassaing de Fontbressin and the Italian naturalist Giovanni Michelotti. They deposited the holotype in Amsterdam. In 1932, the zoologists M. Burton and H.S. Rao, unaware that the holotype was still in existence, deposited a neotype in the Natural History Museum in London, but this specimen has since disappeared.[2]

Description

Agelas dispar forms massive irregularly-shaped, sometimes bulbous mounds or may be encrusting. It can grow to as much as 30 cm (12 in) across. The consistency is spongy but firm; the surface is smooth with many exhalent pores of irregular shape and size, often in shallow pits. The colour externally is pinkish-brown, reddish-brown or deep brown. Internally there are large cavities, many primary canals 2 to 8 mm (0.1 to 0.3 in) across and narrow secondary canals. There is a fibrous, tightly-meshed skeleton made of spongin with ascending and tangential fibres. The spicules consist of bundles of acanthostyles (one end blunt, one end pointed and covered with 7 to 12 whorls of spines).[2][3][4]

Distribution

Agelas dispar is found in the Caribbean Sea and around the West Indies; its preferred habitat is shallow-water reefs.[4]

References

van Soest, Rob (2012). Van Soest RW, Boury-Esnault N, Hooper JN, Rützler K, de Voogd NJ, de Glasby BA, Hajdu E, Pisera AB, Manconi R, Schoenberg C, Janussen D, Tabachnick KR, Klautau M, Picton B, Kelly M, Vacelet J (eds.). "Agelas dispar Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864". World Porifera database. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 18 April 2018.
F. Wiedenmayer (2013). Shallow-water sponges of the western Bahamas. Birkhäuser. pp. 128–129. ISBN 978-3-0348-5797-0.
"Agelas dispar (Duchassaing 1864)". Coralpedia. University of Warwick. Retrieved 18 April 2018.
Hooper, John N.A.; van Soest, Rob W.M. (2012). Systema Porifera: A Guide to the Classification of Sponges. Springer Science & Business Media. pp. 820–822. ISBN 978-1-4615-0747-5.

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[WoRMS-1] van Soest, Rob (2012). Van Soest RW, Boury-Esnault N, Hooper JN, Rützler K, de Voogd NJ, de Glasby BA, Hajdu E, Pisera AB, Manconi R, Schoenberg C, Janussen D, Tabachnick KR, Klautau M, Picton B, Kelly M, Vacelet J (eds.). "Agelas dispar Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864". World Porifera database. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 18 April 2018.

[Wiedenmayer-2] F. Wiedenmayer (2013). Shallow-water sponges of the western Bahamas. Birkhäuser. pp. 128–129. ISBN 978-3-0348-5797-0.

[3] "Agelas dispar (Duchassaing 1864)". Coralpedia. University of Warwick. Retrieved 18 April 2018.

[Hooper-4] Hooper, John N.A.; van Soest, Rob W.M. (2012). Systema Porifera: A Guide to the Classification of Sponges. Springer Science & Business Media. pp. 820–822. ISBN 978-1-4615-0747-5.