Adenochilus gracilis

Adenochilus gracilis is a plant in the orchid family Orchidaceae and is endemic to New Zealand. It has a long, thin underground rhizome, a single leaf on the flowering stem and a single white flower with glandular hairs on the outside. Its labellum has red to maroon bars and a central band of yellow calli but is almost obscured by the dorsal sepal.

Adenochilus gracilis
Adenochilus gracilis near Makarora
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Orchidaceae
Subfamily: Orchidoideae
Tribe: Diurideae
Genus: Adenochilus
Species:
A. gracilis
Binomial name
Adenochilus gracilis

Description

Adenochilus gracilis is a terrestrial, perennial, deciduous, herb with a long, thin, horizontal rhizome. There is a single egg-shaped to oblong leaf with a heart-shaped base, 10–30 mm (0.4–1 in) long near the base of the flowering stem. There is a similar leaf about halfway up the flowering stem but lacking a petiole. A single white flower 10–20 mm (0.4–0.8 in) wide is borne on the end of the flowering spike which is up to 200 mm (8 in) tall. The outer surface of the sepals and petals is covered with short glandular hairs. The dorsal sepal is lance-shaped and forms a hood over the labellum and column, almost obscuring them. The lateral sepals spread widely apart from each other and the petals are similar to the sepals. The labellum curves downwards and has three lobes, the central lobe narrower than the others and has red to maroon bars and two to four rows of yellow calli in a dense central band. Flowering occurs between October and March.[2][3]

Taxonomy and naming

Adenochilus gracilis was first formally described in 1853 by Joseph Dalton Hooker and the description was published in Flora Novae-Zelandiae.[1][4] The specific epithet (gracilis) is a Latin word meaning "slender.[5]

Distribution and habitat

This orchid grows in thick layers of moss or partly decomposed leaf litter in scrub and forests. It is found on the North, South, Stewart and Chatham Islands.[2][3]

References
  1. "Adenochilus gracilis". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  2. "Adenochilus gracilis". New Zealand Plant Conservation Network. Retrieved 27 June 2018.
  3. "Adenochilus gracilis". New Zealand Native Orchid Group. Retrieved 27 June 2018.
  4. Hooker, Joseph Dalton (1853). The botany of the Antarctic voyage of H.M. discovery ships Erebus and Terror. II. Flora Novae-Zelandiae. London: Lovell Reeve and Co. pp. 246–247. Retrieved 27 June 2018.
  5. Brown, Roland Wilbur (1956). The Composition of Scientific Words. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press. p. 791.
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