2063 Bacchus

2063 Bacchus, provisional designation 1977 HB, is a stony asteroid and near-Earth object of the Apollo group, approximately 1 kilometer in diameter. The contact binary was discovered on 24 April 1977, by American astronomer Charles Kowal at the Palomar Observatory in California, United States. It was named after Bacchus from Roman mythology.[2][1]

2063 Bacchus
Discovery [1]
Discovered byC. Kowal
Discovery sitePalomar Obs.
Discovery date24 April 1977
Designations
(2063) Bacchus
Pronunciation/ˈbækəs/ BAK-əs
Named after
Bacchus (Dionysus in Greek)
(Roman god)[2]
1977 HB
NEO · Apollo [3][1]
Venus-crosser
AdjectivesBacchian /ˈbækiən/[4]
Orbital characteristics [3]
Epoch 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc39.10 yr (14,282 days)
Aphelion1.4545 AU
Perihelion0.7013 AU
1.0779 AU
Eccentricity0.3494
1.12 yr (409 days)
113.13°
0° 52m 50.52s / day
Inclination9.4331°
33.103°
55.315°
Earth MOID0.0677 AU · 26.4 LD
Physical characteristics
Dimensions1.11 km × 0.53 km × 0.50 km[5]
2.6 km × 1.1 km × 1.1 km[3]
Mean diameter
0.63 km (Deff)[5]
1.03±0.03 km[6]
1.05 km (derived)[7]
14.544±0.007 h[8]
14.904 h[9]
15.0±0.2 h[5]
0.19±0.03[6]
0.20 (assumed)[7]
0.33+0.25
−0.11 (radar)
0.56+0.12
−0.18 (visual)[5]
SMASS = Sq [3] · S [7]
17.3[1][3]

    Orbit and classification

    Bacchus orbits the Sun at a distance of 0.7–1.5 AU once every 1 years and 1 month (409 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.35 and an inclination of 9° with respect to the ecliptic.[3] The asteroid's observation arc begins with its official discovery observation at Palomar.[1] Due to its eccentric orbit, it is also a Venus-crosser.

    Approaches

    Bacchus has an Earth minimum orbital intersection distance of 0.0677 AU (10,130,000 km), which corresponds to 26.4 lunar distances.[3] On 31 March 1996, it passed 0.0677525 AU (10,135,600 km) from Earth.[3]

    Physical characteristics

    In the SMASS classification, Bacchus is a Sq-type, that transitions from the common S-type asteroids to the Q-type asteroids.[3] It is a contact binary with bilobate shape.

    In March 1996 radar observations were conducted at the Goldstone Observatory under the direction of JPL scientists Steven Ostro and Lance Benner, allowing the construction of a model of the object.[5] Optical observations were conducted by Petr Pravec, Marek Wolf, and Lenka Šarounová during March and April 1996. It was also photometrically observed by American astronomer Brian Warner in 2015.[8][9][10]

    According to the survey carried out by the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Bacchus measures 1.03 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo of 0.19.[6] The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes a standard albedo for stony asteroids of 0.20 and derives a diameter of 1.05 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 17.25.[7]

    Naming

    This minor planet was named for the Roman god Bacchus (Dionysus).The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 1 August 1978 (M.P.C. 4421).[2][11]

    References
    1. "2063 Bacchus (1977 HB)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 12 March 2017.
    2. Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(2063) Bacchus". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 167. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_2064. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3.
    3. "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 2063 Bacchus (1977 HB)" (2016-05-31 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 3 July 2017.
    4. "Bacchian". Oxford English Dictionary (Online ed.). Oxford University Press. (Subscription or participating institution membership required.)
    5. Benner, Lance A. M.; Hudson, R. Scott; Ostro, Steven J.; Rosema, Keith D.; Giorgini, Jon D.; Yeomans, Donald K.; et al. (June 1999). "Radar Observations of Asteroid 2063 Bacchus" (PDF). Icarus. 139 (2): 309–327. Bibcode:1999Icar..139..309B. doi:10.1006/icar.1999.6094. Retrieved 3 July 2017.
    6. Nugent, C. R.; Mainzer, A.; Bauer, J.; Cutri, R. M.; Kramer, E. A.; Grav, T.; et al. (September 2016). "NEOWISE Reactivation Mission Year Two: Asteroid Diameters and Albedos". The Astronomical Journal. 152 (3): 12. arXiv:1606.08923. Bibcode:2016AJ....152...63N. doi:10.3847/0004-6256/152/3/63. Retrieved 3 July 2017.
    7. "LCDB Data for (2063) Bacchus". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 12 March 2017.
    8. Warner, Brian D. (October 2015). "Near-Earth Asteroid Lightcurve Analysis at CS3-Palmer Divide Station: 2015 March-June". The Minor Planet Bulletin. 42 (4): 256–266. Bibcode:2015MPBu...42..256W. ISSN 1052-8091. Retrieved 3 July 2017.
    9. Pravec, Petr; Wolf, Marek; Sarounová, Lenka (November 1998). "Lightcurves of 26 Near-Earth Asteroids". Icarus. 136 (1): 124–153. Bibcode:1998Icar..136..124P. doi:10.1006/icar.1998.5993. Retrieved 3 July 2017.
    10. Pravec, Petr; Harris, Alan W.; Kusnirák, Peter; Galád, Adrián; Hornoch, Kamil (September 2012). "Absolute magnitudes of asteroids and a revision of asteroid albedo estimates from WISE thermal observations". Icarus. 221 (1): 365–387. Bibcode:2012Icar..221..365P. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2012.07.026. Retrieved 3 July 2017.
    11. Schmadel, Lutz D. "Appendix – Publication Dates of the MPCs". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – Addendum to Fifth Edition (2006–2008). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 221. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-01965-4. ISBN 978-3-642-01964-7.
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