2034 Bernoulli

2034 Bernoulli (/bərˈnuːli/), provisional designation 1973 EE, is a stony asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 9 kilometers in diameter.

2034 Bernoulli
Discovery [1]
Discovered byP. Wild
Discovery siteZimmerwald Obs.
Discovery date5 March 1973
Designations
(2034) Bernoulli
Pronunciation/bərˈnuːli/
Named after
Bernoulli family
(Jacob, Johann, Daniel)[2]
1973 EE · 1941 SQ
1958 XT · 1978 VT13
main-belt · (inner) [3]
Orbital characteristics [1]
Epoch 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc65.74 yr (24,012 days)
Aphelion2.6516 AU
Perihelion1.8408 AU
2.2462 AU
Eccentricity0.1805
3.37 yr (1,230 days)
149.50°
0° 17m 34.08s / day
Inclination8.5541°
19.055°
64.138°
Physical characteristics
Dimensions7.780±0.102[4]
8.483±0.050 km[5]
9.40 km (calculated)[3]
6.248±0.001 h[6]
0.1710±0.0333[5]
0.20 (assumed)[3]
0.220±0.051[4]
S [3]
12.5[1][3] · 12.9[5]

    The asteroid was discovered on 5 March 1973, by Swiss astronomer Paul Wild at Zimmerwald Observatory near Bern, Switzerland, and named for the members of the Bernoulli family.[2][7]

    Orbit and classification

    Bernoulli orbits the Sun in the inner main-belt at a distance of 1.8–2.7 AU once every 3 years and 4 months (1,230 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.18 and an inclination of 9° with respect to the ecliptic.[1] The first used precovery was taken at Palomar Observatory in 1951, extending the asteroid's observation arc by 22 years prior to its official discovery, while the first unused observation was made ten years earlier at Uccle Observatory in 1941.[7]

    Physical characteristics

    Bernoulli is an assumed, common, stony S-type asteroid.[3]

    Rotation period

    A rotational lightcurve of Bernoulli was obtained from photometric observations by Michael Alkema at the U.S. Elephant Head Observatory (G35), Arizona, in December 2012. Lightcurve analysis gave a rotation period of 6.248 hours with a brightness variation of 0.21 magnitude (U=2+).[6]

    Diameter and albedo

    According to the survey carried out by the NEOWISE mission of NASA's space-based Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Bernoulli measures 7.8 and 8.5 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo of 0.17 and 0.22, respectively,[4][5] while the Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link assumes a standard albedo for stony asteroids of 0.20 and calculates a diameter of 9.4 kilometers with an absolute magnitude of 12.5.[3]

    Naming

    This minor planet was named in honour of the Bernoulli family, a dynasty of mathematicians from the city of Basel, Switzerland. In particular, Jacob Bernoulli (1654–1705), founder of the calculus of variations, Daniel Bernoulli (1700–1782), co-founder of hydrodynamics, and Johann Bernoulli (1667–1748), contributor to integral calculus and the teacher of Leonhard Euler, after whom the minor planet 2002 Euler is named.[2]

    The lunar crater Bernoulli also honors the Swiss dynasty.[2] The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 1 June 1980 (M.P.C. 5359).[8]

    References
    1. "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 2034 Bernoulli (1973 EE)" (2017-05-05 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 10 June 2017.
    2. Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(2034) Bernoulli". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (2034) Bernoulli. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 165. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_2035. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3.
    3. "LCDB Data for (2034) Bernoulli". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 16 May 2016.
    4. Masiero, Joseph R.; Grav, T.; Mainzer, A. K.; Nugent, C. R.; Bauer, J. M.; Stevenson, R.; et al. (August 2014). "Main-belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE: Near-infrared Albedos". The Astrophysical Journal. 791 (2): 11. arXiv:1406.6645. Bibcode:2014ApJ...791..121M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/791/2/121. Retrieved 8 December 2016.
    5. Mainzer, A.; Grav, T.; Masiero, J.; Hand, E.; Bauer, J.; Tholen, D.; et al. (November 2011). "NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results". The Astrophysical Journal. 741 (2): 25. arXiv:1109.6407. Bibcode:2011ApJ...741...90M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90. Retrieved 16 May 2016.
    6. Alkema, Michael S. (July 2013). "Asteroid Lightcurve Analysis at Elephant Head Observatory: 2012 November - 2013 April". The Minor Planet Bulletin. 40 (3): 133–137. Bibcode:2013MPBu...40..133A. ISSN 1052-8091. Retrieved 1 November 2015.
    7. "2034 Bernoulli (1973 EE)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 16 May 2016.
    8. "MPC/MPO/MPS Archive". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 16 May 2016.

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