2019 NCAA Division I Women's Volleyball Tournament

2019 NCAA Women's Division I Volleyball Tournament
Finals site	PPG Paints Arena; Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
Champions	Stanford (9th title)
Runner-up	Wisconsin (3rd title match)
Semifinalists	Baylor (1st Final Four); Minnesota (6th Final Four);
Winning coach	Kevin Hambly (2nd title)
Most outstanding player	Kathryn Plummer (2nd) (Stanford);
Final Four All-Tournament Team	Kathryn Plummer (Stanford); Morgan Hentz (Stanford); Jenna Gray (Stanford); Dana Rettke (Wisconsin); Molly Haggerty (Wisconsin); Yossiana Pressley (Baylor); Alexis Hart (Minnesota);

The 2019 NCAA Division I Women's Volleyball Tournament began on December 6, 2019 and concluded on December 21 at the PPG Paints Arena in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The tournament field was announced on December 1, 2019. Stanford beat Wisconsin in the final to claim their ninth national championship. [1]

Qualifying Teams

Sources[2][3]

Waco Regional
Seed	RPI	School	Conference	Berth Type	Record
1	1	Baylor	Big 12	At–Large	25–1
8	9	Washington	Pac-12	At–Large	24–6
9	6	Kentucky	SEC	Automatic	23–6
16	21	Purdue	Big Ten	At-Large	22–7
	189	Sacred Heart	NEC	Automatic	20−11
	29	Stephen F. Austin	Southland	Automatic	31−1
	28	USC	Pac-12	At–Large	17–13
	13	Marquette	Big East	At–Large	27–5
	42	Dayton	Atlantic 10	Automatic	22–8
	41	Wright State	Horizon	At-Large	24–5
	138	Southeast Missouri State	OVC	Automatic	23–10
	44	Northern Kentucky	Horizon	Automatic	19–12
	39	Michigan	Big Ten	At–Large	20−10
	36	Colorado State	MWC	Automatic	29−1
	43	South Carolina	SEC	At-Large	19–11
	77	Winthrop	Big South	Automatic	24−4

Austin Regional
Seed	RPI	School	Conference	Berth Type	Record
2	2	Texas	Big 12	Automatic	21–3
7	10	Minnesota	Big Ten	At-Large	23–5
10	7	Florida	SEC	At-Large	24–4
15	15	Western Kentucky	C-USA	Automatic	31−1
	110	Fairfield	MAAC	Automatic	24–5
	46	Iowa State	Big 12	At–Large	17–11
	20	Creighton	Big East	At–Large	24–5
	24	UCF	American	Automatic	24–7
	36	Florida State	ACC	At–Large	19–9
	311	Alabama State	SWAC	Automatic	17–21
	68	Kennesaw State	Atlantic Sun	Automatic	22–8
	51	Samford	SoCon	Automatic	24–5
	25	Louisville	ACC	At–Large	19–9
	34	UC Santa Barbara	Big West	At–Large	22–5
	30	Texas State	Sun Belt	Automatic	24–8
	151	Albany	American East	Automatic	16–10

Stanford Regional
Seed	RPI	School	Conference	Berth Type	Record
3	3	Stanford	Pac-12	Automatic	24–4
6	4	Pittsburgh	ACC	Automatic	29–1
11	16	Penn State	Big Ten	At-Large	24−5
14	17	BYU	WCC	At-Large	25–4
	75	Denver	Summit	Automatic	23–8
	31	Georgia	SEC	At–Large	20–9
	37	Cal Poly	Big West	At-Large	20−8
	18	Utah	Pac-12	At–Large	22–9
	50	Illinois	Big Ten	At–Large	16–13
	59	New Mexico State	WAC	Automatic	27–3
	76	Princeton	Ivy League	Automatic	17–7
	53	American	Patriot	Automatic	24–7
	35	Towson	CAA	Automatic	28–2
	22	Cincinnati	American	At-Large	25–6
	47	VCU	Atlantic 10	At-Large	24–6
	194	Howard	MEAC	Automatic	20–12

Madison Regional
Seed	RPI	School	Conference	Berth Type	Record
4	5	Wisconsin	Big Ten	Automatic	22–6
5	8	Nebraska	Big Ten	At-Large	25–4
12	11	Hawaii	Big West	Automatic	24–3
13	12	Texas A&M	SEC	At-Large	21–7
	83	Ball State	MAC	Automatic	20−11
	40	Northern Iowa	MVC	At-Large	24–10
	19	Missouri	SEC	At-Large	21–7
	26	San Diego	WCC	Automatic	24–5
	49	Washington State	Pac-12	At-Large	23–9
	74	Northern Colorado	Big Sky	Automatic	26–7
	60	St. John's	Big East	Automatic	22–11
	33	Oklahoma	Big 12	At–Large	19–8
	14	Rice	C-USA	At–Large	26–3
	27	UCLA	Pac-12	At–Large	18–11
	32	Notre Dame	ACC	At–Large	19–9
	78	Illinois State	MVC	Automatic	22–11

Bracket

Baylor Regional

First round			Second round			Regional semifinals			Regional finals


1	Baylor	3

	Sacred Heart	0
			1	Baylor	3
Waco, TX
				USC	0
	Stephen F. Austin	0

	USC	3
						1	Baylor	3

						16	Purdue	1
	Marquette	3

	Dayton	0
				Marquette	1
West Lafayette, IN
			16	Purdue	3
	Wright State	0

16	Purdue	3
									1	Baylor	3

									8	Washington	1
9	Kentucky	3

	Southeast Missouri St.	0
			9	Kentucky	3
Lexington, KY
				Michigan	0
	Northern Kentucky	0

	Michigan	3
						9	Kentucky	1

						8	Washington	3
	Colorado State	2

	South Carolina	3
				South Carolina	0
Seattle, WA
			8	Washington	3
	Winthrop	0

8	Washington	3

First Round

December 6, 2019 4:30 PM EST	Dayton	0–3	Marquette	Holloway Gymnasium, West Lafayette, Indiana Attendance: 2,415
	(23–25, 19–25, 22–25) Report

December 6, 2019 5:00 PM CST	Stephen F. Austin	0–3	USC	Ferrell Center, Waco, Texas Attendance: 150 Referees: Steve Robb, April Fricke
	(18–25, 19–25, 16–25) Report

December 6, 2019 5:00 PM EST	Northern Kentucky	0–3	Michigan	Memorial Coliseum, Lexington, Kentucky Attendance: 2,746 Referees: Wade Brence, Michael O'Connor
	(22–25, 15–25, 22–25) Report

December 6, 2019 5:00 PM PST	South Carolina	3–2	Colorado State	Hec Edmundson Pavilion, Seattle, Washington Attendance: 2,052 Referees: Paula Martin, Bill Forrester
	(27–25, 17–25, 25–22, 14–25, 18–16) Report

December 6, 2019 7:00 PM EST	Wright State	0–3	Purdue	Holloway Gymnasium, West Lafayette, Indiana Attendance: 2,327
	(9–25, 22–25, 11–25) Report

December 6, 2019 7:00 PM CST	Sacred Heart	0–3	Baylor	Ferrell Center, Waco, Texas Attendance: 1,918 Referees: Richard Bleau, Stephen Shepherd
	(20–25, 18–25, 8–25) Report

December 6, 2019 7:30 PM EST	Southeast Missouri St.	0–3	Kentucky	Memorial Coliseum, Lexington, Kentucky Attendance: 2,746 Referees: Kevin Wendelboe, Christina Fiebich
	(20–25, 15–25, 19–25) Report

December 6, 2019 7:30 PM PST	Winthrop	0–3	Washington	Hec Edmundson Pavilion, Seattle, Washington Attendance: 2,052 Referees: Margie Ray, Bill Forrester
	(23–25, 10–25, 10–25) Report

Second Round

December 7, 2019 7:00 PM EST	Michigan	0–3	Kentucky	Memorial Coliseum, Lexington, Kentucky Attendance: 2,748 Referees: Kevin Wendelboe, Christina Fiebich
	(19–25, 19–25, 20–25) Report

December 7, 2019 7:00 PM EST	Marquette	1–3	Purdue	Holloway Gymnasium, West Lafayette, Indiana Attendance: 2,275
	(25–22, 16–25, 17–25, 13–25) Report

December 7, 2019 7:00 PM PST	South Carolina	0–3	Washington	Hec Edmundson Pavilion, Seattle, Washington Attendance: 2,004 Referees: Paula Martin, Margie Ray
	(23–25, 24–26, 8–25) Report

December 7, 2019 8:00 PM CST	USC	0–3	Baylor	Ferrell Center, Waco, Texas Attendance: 1,670 Referees: Richard Bleau, Stephen Shepherd
	(23–25, 17–25, 22–25) Report

Regional Semifinals

December 13, 2019 1:30 PM CST	Kentucky	1–3	Washington	Ferrell Center, Waco, Texas Attendance: 1,848 Referees: Devonie McLarty, Patsy Malta
	(16–25, 24–26, 25–15, 22–25) Report

December 13, 2019 11:00 AM CST	Purdue	1–3	Baylor	Ferrell Center, Waco, Texas Attendance: 1,848 Referees: Chad Klunck, Stephen Shepherd
	(12–25, 25–23, 15−25, 17–25) Report

Regional Final

December 14, 2019 3:00 PM CST	Washington	1–3	Baylor	Ferrell Center, Waco, Texas Attendance: 3,008 Referees: Devonie McLarty, Stephen Shepherd
	(20–25, 25–21, 19–25, 18–25) Report

Wisconsin Regional

First round			Second round			Regional semifinals			Regional finals


5	Nebraska	3

	Ball State	0
			5	Nebraska	3
Lincoln, NE
				Missouri	1
	Northern Iowa	0

	Missouri	3
						5	Nebraska	3

						12	Hawai'i	0
	San Diego	3

	Washington State	1
				San Diego	0
Honolulu, HI
			12	Hawai'i	3
	Northern Colorado	1

12	Hawai'i	3
									5	Nebraska	0

									4	Wisconsin	3
13	Texas A&M	3

	St. John's	0
			13	Texas A&M	3
College Station, TX
				Rice	1
	Oklahoma	0

	Rice	3
						13	Texas A&M	0

						4	Wisconsin	3
	UCLA	3

	Notre Dame	0
				UCLA	0
Madison, WI
			4	Wisconsin	3
	Illinois State	0

4	Wisconsin	3

First Round

December 5, 2019 4:30 PM CST	Oklahoma	0–3	Rice	Reed Arena, College Station, Texas Attendance: 1,353 Referees: Keith Murlless, Thang Nguyen
	(18–25, 22–25, 19–25) Report

December 5, 2019 6:30 PM CST	St. John's	0–3	Texas A&M	Reed Arena, College Station, Texas Attendance: 2,085 Referees: Dan Houser, Lena Gustafson
	(25–27, 21–25, 12–25) Report

December 6, 2019 4:30 PM CST	Northern Iowa	0–3	Missouri	Devaney Center, Lincoln, Nebraska Referees: Bill Stanley, Mary Faragher
	(11–25, 13–25, 14–25) Report

December 6, 2019 4:30 PM CST	Notre Dame	0–3	UCLA	Wisconsin Field House, Madison, Wisconsin
	(16–25, 19–25, 20–25) Report

December 6, 2019 7:00 PM CST	Ball State	0–3	Nebraska	Devaney Center, Lincoln, Nebraska Attendance: 8,204 Referees: Mike Hamilton, Jim Werner
	(13–25, 18–25, 10–25) Report

December 6, 2019 7:00 PM CST	Illinois State	0–3	Wisconsin	Wisconsin Field House, Madison, Wisconsin Attendance: 7,052 Referees: Tim Harlow, Brett Myres
	(13–25, 14–25, 24–26) Report

December 6, 2019 4:30 PM HST	Washington State	1–3	San Diego	Stan Sheriff Center, Honolulu, Hawaii
	(21–25, 25–22, 19–25, 14–25) Report

December 6, 2019 7:00 PM HST	Northern Colorado	1–3	Hawaii	Stan Sheriff Center, Honolulu, Hawaii Attendance: 7,818
	(24–26, 26–24, 8–25, 15–25) Report

Second Round

December 6, 2019 6:30 PM CST	Rice	1–3	Texas A&M	Reed Arena, College Station, Texas Attendance: 2,176 Referees: Keith Murlless, Lena Gustafson
	(28–26, 30–32, 20–25, 15–25) Report

December 7, 2019 6:00 PM CST	UCLA	0–3	Wisconsin	Wisconsin Field House, Madison, Wisconsin Attendance: 7,052 Referees: Devonie McLarty
	(18–25, 21–25, 14–25) Report

December 7, 2019 7:00 PM CST	Missouri	1–3	Nebraska	Devaney Center, Lincoln, Nebraska Attendance: 8,091 Referees: Bill Stanley, Mary Faragher
	(25–20, 20–25, 30–32, 18–25) Report

December 7, 2019 7:00 PM HST	San Diego	0–3	Hawai'i	Stan Sheriff Center, Honolulu, Hawaii Attendance: 8,058
	(23–25, 21–25, 21–25) Report

Regional Semifinals

December 13, 2019 1:00 PM CST	Texas A&M	0–3	Wisconsin	Wisconsin Field House, Madison, Wisconsin Attendance: 7,052 Referees: Suzanne Lowry, Robyn Courchane
	(20–25, 17–25, 23–25) Report

December 13, 2019 3:30 PM CST	Hawaii	0–3	Nebraska	Wisconsin Field House, Madison, Wisconsin Attendance: 7,052
	(27–29, 22–25, 19–25) Report

Regional Final

December 14, 2019 5:00 PM CST	Nebraska	0–3	Wisconsin	Wisconsin Field House, Madison, Wisconsin Attendance: 7,052 Referees: Bill Stanley, Margie Ray
	(18–25, 22–25, 19–25) Report

Stanford Regional

First round			Second round			Regional semifinals			Regional finals


3	Stanford	3

	Denver	0
			3	Stanford	3
Stanford, CA
				Cal Poly	0
	Georgia	2

	Cal Poly	3
						3	Stanford	3

							Utah	2
	Utah	3

	Illinois	2
				Utah	3
Provo, UT
			14	BYU	0
	New Mexico State	0

14	BYU	3
									3	Stanford	3

									11	Penn State	0
11	Penn State	3

	Princeton	0
			11	Penn State	3
University Park, PA
				Towson	1
	American	2

	Towson	3
						11	Penn State	3

							Cincinnati	2
	Cincinnati	3

	VCU	1
				Cincinnati	3
Pittsburgh, PA
			6	Pittsburgh	2
	Howard	0

6	Pittsburgh	3

First Round

December 6, 2019 7:00 PM PST	Denver	0–3	Stanford	Maples Pavilion, Stanford, California Attendance: 2,148 Referees: Donna Hess, Brig Beatie
	(20–25, 11–25, 15–25) Report

Second Round

December 7, 2019 6:00 PM PST	Cal Poly	0–3	Stanford	Maples Pavilion, Stanford, California Attendance: 2,326 Referees: Sergio Gonzalez, Brig Beatie
	(13–25, 16–25, 17–25) Report

Regional Semifinals

December 13, 2019 8:00 PM PST	Utah	2–3	Stanford	Maples Pavilion, Stanford, California Attendance: 2,609 Referees: Kevin Cull, Kaili Kimura
	(25–22, 14–25, 10–25, 25–12, 11–15) Report

Regional Final

December 14, 2019 7:00 PM PST	Penn State	0–3	Stanford	Maples Pavilion, Stanford, California Attendance: 2,946 Referees: Kevin Cull, Kaili Kimura
	(22–25, 15–25, 17–25) Report

Texas Regional

First round			Second round			Regional semifinals			Regional finals


7	Minnesota	3

	Fairfield	0
			7	Minnesota	3
Minneapolis, MN
				Creighton	2
	Iowa State	0

	Creighton	3
						7	Minnesota	3

						10	Florida	2
	UCF	3

	Florida State	2
				UCF	0
Gainesville, FL
			10	Florida	3
	Alabama State	0

10	Florida	3
									7	Minnesota	3

										Louisville	0
15	Western Kentucky	3

	Kennesaw State	0
			15	Western Kentucky	2
Bowling Green, KY
				Louisville	3
	Samford	0

	Louisville	3
							Louisville	3

						2	Texas	2
	UC Santa Barbara	3

	Texas State	1
				UC Santa Barbara	2
Austin, TX
			2	Texas	3
	Albany	0

2	Texas	3

First Round

December 5, 2019 4:30 PM EST	Florida State	2–3	UCF	Exactech Arena, Gainesville, Florida Attendance: 560 Referees: Suzanne Lowry, Darin Clark
	(19–25, 25–20, 25–20, 18–25, 8–15) Report

December 5, 2019 4:30 PM CST	Texas State	1–3	UC Santa Barbara	Gregory Gymnasium, Austin, Texas Attendance: 3,532 Referees: Gary Houghton, Joe Lizama
	(21–25, 21–25, 25–20, 14–25) Report

December 5, 2019 6:00 PM EST	Samford	0–3	Louisville	E. A. Diddle Arena, Bowling Green, Kentucky Attendance: 4,514 Referees: Marty Prochko, Bill Thornburgh
	(21–25, 12–25, 22–25) Report

December 5, 2019 7:00 PM EST	Alabama State	0–3	Florida	Exactech Arena, Gainesville, Florida Attendance: 2,022 Referees: Mark Prater, Jim Fales
	(10–25, 16–25, 20–25) Report

December 5, 2019 7:00 PM CST	UC Santa Barbara	0–3	Texas	Gregory Gymnasium, Austin, Texas Attendance: 3,532 Referees: Chad Klunck, Janna Ter Molen
	(9–25, 16–25, 15–25) Report

December 5, 2019 8:00 PM EST	Kennesaw State	0–3	Western Kentucky	E. A. Diddle Arena, Bowling Green, Kentucky Attendance: 4,514 Referees: Michelle Prater, Donnie Goodwin
	(23–25, 20–25, 23–25) Report

December 6, 2019 4:30 PM CST	Iowa State	0–3	Creighton	Maturi Pavilion, Minneapolis, Minnesota Attendance: 3,956 Referees: Julie Voeck, Robyn Courchane
	(22–25, 15–25, 19–25) Report

December 6, 2019 7:00 PM CST	Fairfield	0–3	Minnesota	Maturi Pavilion, Minneapolis, Minnesota Attendance: 3,956 Referees: Brad Aaberg, Todd Karolczak
	(13–25, 14–25, 11–25) Report

Second Round

December 6, 2019 7:00 PM EST	UCF	0–3	Florida	Exactech Arena, Gainesville, Florida Attendance: 2,412 Referees: Suzanne Lowry, Darin Clark
	(21–25, 18–25, 17–25) Report

December 6, 2019 7:00 PM CST	UC Santa Barbara	2–3	Texas	Gregory Gymnasium, Austin, Texas Attendance: 3,767 Referees: Chad Klunck, Janna Ter Molen
	(22–25, 25–19, 25–18, 18–25, 10–15) Report

December 6, 2019 8:00 PM EST	Louisville	3–2	Western Kentucky	E. A. Diddle Arena, Bowling Green, Kentucky Attendance: 5,023 Referees: Michelle Prater, Bill Thornburgh
	(21–25, 25–21, 25–22, 21–25, 15–5) Report

December 7, 2019 8:00 PM CST	Creighton	2–3	Minnesota	Maturi Pavilion, Minneapolis, Minnesota Attendance: 4,003 Referees: Brad Aaberg, Robyn Courchane
	(13–25, 25–19, 25–15, 24–26, 10–15) Report

Regional Semifinals

December 13, 2019 3:00 PM CST	Louisville	3–2	Texas	Gregory Gymnasium, Austin, Texas Attendance: 4,137 Referees: Brad Aaberg, Daphne Nelson
	(25−22, 25–22, 17–25, 18–25, 15–12) Report

December 13, 2019 5:30 PM CST	Florida	2–3	Minnesota	Gregory Gymnasium, Austin, Texas Attendance: 4,137 Referees: Michelle Prater, Darin Clark
	(25–23, 14–25, 25–16, 15–25, 11–15) Report

Regional Final

December 14, 2019 7:00 PM CST	Louisville	0–3	Minnesota	Gregory Gymnasium, Austin, Texas Attendance: 3,915 Referees: Michelle Prater, Daphne Nelson
	(21–25, 14–25, 16–25) Report

Final Four

National Semifinals			National Championship


1	Baylor	1

4	Wisconsin	3
			4	Wisconsin	0

			3	Stanford	3
3	Stanford	3

7	Minnesota	0

National Semifinals

December 19, 2019 7:00 PM	Wisconsin	3–1	Baylor	PPG Paints Arena, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Attendance: 14,661 Referees: Michelle Prater, Stephen Shepherd
	(25–27, 25−21, 25–17, 25−19) Report

December 19, 2019 9:30 PM	Minnesota	0–3	Stanford	PPG Paints Arena, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Attendance: 14,661 Referees: Devonie McLarty, Daphne Nelson
	(19–25, 22−25, 22–25) Report

National Championship

December 21, 2019 8:00 PM	Wisconsin	0–3	Stanford	PPG Paints Arena, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Referees: Michelle Prater, Daphne Nelson
	(16–25, 17–25, 20–25) Report

Final Four All-Tournament Team

Kathryn Plummer – Stanford (Most Outstanding Player)
Morgan Hentz – Stanford
Jenna Gray – Stanford
Dana Rettke – Wisconsin
Molly Haggerty – Wisconsin
Yossiana Pressley – Baylor
Alexis Hart – Minnesota

Media Coverage

First and second round matches will be streamed or televised by local school RSN's or streaming services. The 3rd round to the finals will all be streamed by WatchESPN or televised by ESPN Networks.[4][5][6]

First & Second Rounds

Spencer Linton & Amy Gant – Provo, Utah (BYUtv)

Regional Semifinals & Regional Finals

Paul Sunderland & Karch Kiraly– Madison, Wisconsin
Sam Gore & Kate George – Waco, Texas

National Semifinals

Paul Sunderland, Karch Kiraly, & Holly Rowe – Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania

First & Second Rounds

Paul Sunderland, Karch Kiraly, & Holly Rowe – Austin, Texas (LHN)

Regional Semifinals & Regional Finals

Courtney Lyle & Salima Rockwell – Austin, Texas
Tiffany Greene & Missy Whittemore – Stanford, California

National Championship

Paul Sunderland, Karch Kiraly, & Holly Rowe – Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania

References

"Division I Women's College Volleyball – Bracket". NCAA.com. NCAA & Turner Sports Interactive, Inc. Retrieved 19 December 2019.
"NCAA WOMEN'S VOLLEYBALL RPI". NCAA.com. NCAA & Turner Sports Interactive, Inc. Retrieved 20 December 2019.
"Here are the 32 automatic qualifiers in the 2019 NCAA women's volleyball championship". NCAA.com. NCAA & Turner Sports Interactive, Inc. Retrieved 20 December 2019.
"2019 Women's College Cup on ESPNU Headlines ESPN's Weekend Fall Championship Lineup". ESPNPressRoom.com. ESPN. Retrieved 19 December 2019.
"2019 Men's College Cup, FCS Playoffs and NCAA Volleyball Tournament Headline ESPN's Weekend Fall Championship Lineup". ESPNPressRoom.com. ESPN. Retrieved 19 December 2019.
"Championship Weekend Block Party! NCAA Division I Volleyball Season Finale on ESPN & ESPN2; December 19 and 21". ESPNPressRoom.com. ESPN. Retrieved 19 December 2019.

This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

[Bracket-1] "Division I Women's College Volleyball – Bracket". NCAA.com. NCAA & Turner Sports Interactive, Inc. Retrieved 19 December 2019.

[2] "NCAA WOMEN'S VOLLEYBALL RPI". NCAA.com. NCAA & Turner Sports Interactive, Inc. Retrieved 20 December 2019.

[3] "Here are the 32 automatic qualifiers in the 2019 NCAA women's volleyball championship". NCAA.com. NCAA & Turner Sports Interactive, Inc. Retrieved 20 December 2019.

[4] "2019 Women's College Cup on ESPNU Headlines ESPN's Weekend Fall Championship Lineup". ESPNPressRoom.com. ESPN. Retrieved 19 December 2019.

[5] "2019 Men's College Cup, FCS Playoffs and NCAA Volleyball Tournament Headline ESPN's Weekend Fall Championship Lineup". ESPNPressRoom.com. ESPN. Retrieved 19 December 2019.

[6] "Championship Weekend Block Party! NCAA Division I Volleyball Season Finale on ESPN & ESPN2; December 19 and 21". ESPNPressRoom.com. ESPN. Retrieved 19 December 2019.