1922 Women's Olympiad

The 1922 Women's Olympiad (Jeux Athlétiques Internationaux Féminins and Jeux Olympiques Féminins) was the second[1] international women's sports event, a 7-day multi-sport event organised by Alice Milliat and held on 15[2][3]– April 23[4][5][6][7] 1922[8][9] in Monte Carlo[10] at the International Sporting Club of Monaco. The tournament was formally called "Deuxiéme Meeting International d'Éducation Physique Féminine". It was also the second of three Women's Olympiads or "Monte Carlo Games"[11] held annually at the venue in Monaco,[12][13] and the second[14] forerunner of the quadrennial Women's World Games, organised in 1922–34 by the International Women's Sports Federation founded by Milliat in late 1921.

1922 Women's Olympiad
Host cityMonte Carlo
Country Monaco
Dates15–23 April 1922
Mary Lines
Hilda Hatt
Germaine Delapierre
Francesca Pianzola
Violette Morris

Events

The games were organized[7] as the previous 1921 Women's Olympiad by Fédération des Sociétés Féminines Sportives de France (FSFSF)[10] under Alice Milliat[8] and Camille Blanc,[2] director[13] of the "International Sporting Club de Monaco" as a response to the International Olympic Committee (IOC) decision not to include women's events in the 1924 Olympic Games.

The games were attended by 300[6][7][9] participants[8][14][1] from 7 nations:[13][2] Belgium, Czechoslovakia, France, Italy, Norway (mentioned by several sources, however no Norwegian athletes appear in the result lists[4][3]), Switzerland and the United Kingdom. The tournament was a huge promotion for women's sports.

Team Nation Participants
1  Belgium ?
2  Czechoslovakia ?
3  France ?
4  Italy ?
5  Norway ?
6   Switzerland ?
7  United Kingdom ?

The athletes competed[4][3][5] in 11[9] events:[12] running (60 metres, 250 metres, 800 metres, 4 x 75 metres relay, 4 x 175 metres relay and hurdling 65 metres), high jump, long jump, javelin, shot put and Athletics pentathlon. The tournament also held exhibition events[2] in basketball, cycling, gymnastics and rhythmic gymnastics.

The pentathlon event was the first[15] recorded Women's pentathlon, the 5 events were 60 metres, 300 metres, high jump, javelin, and shot put (the throwing events were two-hand[15]). Regular women's pentathlon was introduced at the 1934 Women's World Games in London

During the games there were also events held in water sports[4][3] (among the first for women outside the Olympic Games) with swimming events,[12] where teams from the Netherlands and Sweden also participated. Events were[13][2] swimming 100 metres, 200 metres and 400 metres, relays and water polo.

The tournament was held partly at the "Stade Nautique du Port" at the Monaco harbour[12] and partly at the "Tir aux Pigeons"[14][13] in the gardens Les jardins du Casino of the Monte Carlo Casino.[8][11][1]

Results

Athletics

Almost all gold medals[9][4] went to athletes[13][3] from France and the United Kingdom, medalists[14][6] for each event:[13][2][5]

Event Gold Silver Bronze
60-metre Nora Callebout
 United Kingdom		8,2 sec Mary Lines
 United Kingdom		? Bozena Srámková
 Czechoslovakia		?
250-metre Mary Lines
 United Kingdom		39,0 sec Nelly Hicks
 United Kingdom		 Alice Beuns
 France
800-metre Suzanne Porte
 France		2.37,6 Marcelle Neveu
 France		 Madeleine Dupont
 France
4 x 75 m relay Team FFFGS
France
 France
Alice Gonnet
Lucie Prost
Paulette de Croze
Alice Beuns		51,8 sec Team England
United Kingdom
 United Kingdom
Mary Lines
Ivy Lowman
Daisy Wright
Nora Callebout		 Team FSFSF
France
 France
Germaine Delapierre
Cécile Maugars
Yvonne de Wynne
Andrée Patureau
4 x 175 m relay Team England
United Kingdom
 United Kingdom
Nora Callebout
Ivy Lowman
Mary Lines
Hornovsky		 Team FFFGS
France
 France
Geneviève Laloz
Alice Gonnet
Paulette de Croze
Alice Beuns		 Team FSFSF
France
 France
Cécile Maugars
Germaine Darreau
Thérèse Brulé
Thérèse Renaut
Hurdles Daisy Wright
 United Kingdom		11,4 sec Hilda Hatt
 United Kingdom		 Alice Beuns
 France
High jump Madeleine Bracquemond
 France shared Gold		1,37 m Hilda Hatt
 United Kingdom shared Gold		1,37 m shared
Frédérique Kussel
 France
Alice Depaud
 Belgium
Ivy Lowman
 United Kingdom		1,35 m
Long jump Mary Lines
 United Kingdom		4,66 m Elise van Truyen
 Belgium		4,52 m Marie Jirásková
 Czechoslovakia		4,47 m
Javelin, two-handed[nb] Francesca Pianzola
  Switzerland		39,77 m Florence Birchenough
 United Kingdom		38,71 m Britte
 France		35,85 m
Shot put, two-handed[nb] 3,628 kg Violette Morris
 France		17,77 m M Havlickova
 Czechoslovakia		14,95 m Florence Hurren
 United Kingdom		14,81 m
Pentathlon Ivy Lowman
 United Kingdom		 Hilda Hatt
 United Kingdom		 Geneviève Laloz
 France
  • nb Each athlete in the shot put and javelin throw events threw using their right hand, then their left. Their final mark was the total of the best mark with their right-handed throw and the best mark with their left-handed throw.

Daisy Wright and Hilda Hatt also competed in hurdles, previous winner in hurdles Germaine Delapierre participated in the high jump event.

The basketboll tournament was won by Team Haguenau after a win in the final against Team England with 9–8.

Aquatics
Germaine van Dievoet
Aina Berg
Carin Nilsson
Hjördis Töpel
Eva Ollivier

The swimming events were held April 20–23, participants from Belgium, Denmark, France, Italy, Netherlands, Sweden and United Kingdom competed in 10[4][3] events. During the competitions[13][2] Sweden secured 4 victories, the Netherlands 3 victories, France won 2 events and United Kingdom won 1 event.

Event Gold Silver Bronze
100-metre
freestyle, int		 Aina Berg
 Sweden		 Carin Nilsson
 Sweden		 Germaine van Dievoet
 Belgium
100-metre
freestyle, regional		 Mariette Protin
 France		 Bienna Pélégry
 France		 A Veglio
 France
100-metre
backstroke, int		 Truus Klapwijk
 Netherlands		 D Hart
 United Kingdom		 Alice Harflinger
 France
200-metre
breaststroke, int		 D Hart
 United Kingdom		 Elisa van den Bogaert
 Belgium		 Hjördis Töpel
 Sweden
400-metre
freestyle, int		 Carin Nilsson
 Sweden		 Ernestine Lebrun
 France		 D Roux
 United Kingdom
4 x 50 m relay  France
Alice Harflinger
Alice Stoffel
Ernestine Lebrun
Mariette Protin		  Netherlands
Truus Klapwijk
I Brandt
A Trejters
M Borsennez		  Belgium
De Coniak
Elisa van den Bogaert
Germaine van Dievoet
J Weiters
4 × 200 m relay  Sweden
Margit Bratt
Hjördis Töpel
Carin Nilsson
Aina Berg		  Netherlands  United Kingdom
High diving
springboard, 3 m		 Truus Klapwijk
 Netherlands		 Eva Olliwier
 Sweden		 Henriette Delbort
 France
High diving
platform, 10 m		 Eva Olliwier
 Sweden		 Hjördis Töpel
 Sweden		 Catherine O'Bryen
 United Kingdom

The water polo tournament was won by Team Netherlands after a win in the final against Team England with 6–0.

Legacy

A special commemorative medal was issued for the participants.[16]

Later in 1922 the first Women's World Games were held in Paris, the 1923 Women's Olympiad were held at the same Monaco venue.[11][10]

References
  1. Ghislaine Quintillan: Alice Milliat and the Women’s Games, Olympic Review 2000, page 27 (LA84 Foundation), Retrieved January 4, 2017
  2. Bernett, Hajo: Die ersten olympischen Wettbewerbe im internationalen Frauensport (in German) Sozial- und Zeitgeschichte des Sports, Heft 2/1988, page 66-86 (ISSN 0931-7031), Retrieved January 4, 2017
  3. "Les Jeux Athlétiques Féminins de Monte Carlo" (in French). L'Éclaireur de Nice, April 14, 1922, page 1 (also15-23 April). Archived from the original on February 27, 2017. Retrieved February 25, 2017.
  4. "Les Jeux Athlétiques Féminins de Monte Carlo" (in French). Le Petit Niçois, April 15, 1922, page 2 (also April 16–23). Archived from the original on February 27, 2017. Retrieved February 25, 2017.
  5. "Jeux Mondiaux Féminins" (PDF) (in French). Commission Documentation et Histoire, cdm.athle.com, chapter 7, page 3-6. Retrieved February 25, 2017.
  6. Chronique de l'athlétisme féminin Archived March 3, 2016, at the Wayback Machine (in French) NordNet.fr, Retrieved January 4, 2017
  7. Generell News IAAF Athletics, November 23, 2008, Retrieved January 4, 2017
  8. Circul`Info N°109 (in French) page 3, Mission Locale (Paroles de jeunes), Retrieved January 4, 2017
  9. Alice Milliat Archived March 3, 2016, at the Wayback Machine (in French) NordNet.fr, Retrieved January 4, 2017
  10. Gertrud Pfister: Frauen und Olympische Spiele Archived February 2, 2017, at the Wayback Machine (in German) 2000, Deutsche Olympische Sportbund (DOSB), Retrieved January 4, 2017
  11. Women in Athletics – from 1900 – 1950 Literature of Track and Field Athletics (ATHLOS), Retrieved January 4, 2017
  12. The Women's Olympic Games Comité Olympique Monégasque, Retrieved January 4, 2017
  13. Échos & Nouvelles (in French) Journal de Monaco April 25, 1922, page 1, Retrieved January 4, 2017
  14. Sylvain Charlet: Rétrospective de l'athlétisme féminin (in French) page 2, Association des Entraineurs d'Ile de France d'athlétisme (AEIFA), Retrieved January 4, 2017
  15. Matthews, Peter (2012). "Pentathlon". Historical Dictionary of Track and Field. Scarecrow Press. pp. 164–5. ISBN 9780810867819. Retrieved January 4, 2017.
  16. Medailles Sports L'Association Numismatique de Monaco, Retrieved January 4, 2017
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