1605 Milankovitch

1605 Milankovitch, provisional designation 1936 GA, is an Eoan asteroid from the outer region of the asteroid belt, approximately 31 kilometers in diameter. It was named after Serbian scientist Milutin Milanković.

1605 Milankovitch
Discovery [1]
Discovered byP. Đurković
Discovery siteUccle Obs.
Discovery date13 April 1936
Designations
(1605) Milankovitch
Named after
Milutin Milanković
(Serbian scientist)[2]
1936 GA · 1925 DC
1931 KB · 1938 ST
1941 FA · 1946 FF
1949 UC1 · 1968 KP
A907 UB
main-belt · Eos [3]
Orbital characteristics [1]
Epoch 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc80.69 yr (29,472 days)
Aphelion3.2472 AU
Perihelion2.7796 AU
3.0134 AU
Eccentricity0.0776
5.23 yr (1,911 days)
310.79°
0° 11m 18.24s / day
Inclination10.562°
173.74°
276.14°
Physical characteristics
Dimensions27.78±3.57 km[4]
29.404±0.197 km[5]
29.598±0.217[6]
32.38 km (derived)[3]
32.47±1.5 km (IRAS:6)[7]
33.80±0.42 km[8]
11.60±0.05 h[9]
11.63±0.03 h[10]
0.1401 (derived)[3]
0.142±0.004[8]
0.1529±0.015 (IRAS:6)[7]
0.184±0.034[6]
0.1902±0.0991[5]
0.235±0.322[4]
M [5] · LS [11] · S [3]
9.97[4] · 10.1[5][7][8] · 10.19±0.29[11] · 10.2[1][3]

    Discovery

    Milankovitch was discovered on 13 April 1936, by Serbian astronomer Petar Đurković at the Royal Observatory of Belgium in Uccle, Belgium.[12] Two nights later, the body was independently discovered by Polish astronomers Jan Piegza and Tadeusz Banachiewicz at Cracow and Warsaw, respectively.[2]

    It was first identified as A907 UB at the U.S. Taunton Observatory (803) in 1907. However, it remained unused – as did the subsequent observations at both Simeiz and Lowell Observatory in 1925 and 1931, respectively. The body's observation arc begins with its official discovery observation at Uccle in 1936.[12]

    Orbit and classification

    Milankovitch is a member of the Eos family, an orbital group of more than 4,000 asteroids, which are well known for mostly being of stony composition.[3]

    It orbits the Sun in the outer main-belt at a distance of 2.8–3.2 AU once every 5 years and 3 months (1,911 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.08 and an inclination of 11° with respect to the ecliptic.[1]

    Physical characteristics

    Milankovitch is classified as a metallic M-type by the NEOWISE mission, as a stony S-type by the Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link (CALL), and as a LS-type – a transitional form between the common S-type and rare L-type asteroids – by Pan-STARRS1' large-scale survey.[11]

    Rotation period

    In April 2004, a rotational lightcurve of Milankovitch was obtained from photometric observations by American amateur astronomer Walter R. Cooney Jr.. It gave a rotation period of 11.60±0.05 hours with a brightness variation of 0.12 magnitude (U=2).[9] In October 2006, French astronomer Pierre Antonini obtained another lightcurve, which gave a similar period of 11.63±0.03 and an amplitude of 0.14 magnitude (U=2).[10]

    Diameter and albedo

    According to the space-based surveys carried out by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS, the Japanese Akari satellite, and NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer with its subsequent NEOWISE mission, Milankovitch measures between 27.8 and 33.8 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.142 and 0.235.[4][5][6][7][8] CALL derives an albedo of 0.140 and a diameter of 32.4 kilometers with an absolute magnitude of 10.2.[3]

    Naming

    This minor planet was named in memory of Serbian-Yugoslav scientist Milutin Milanković (1879–1958), best known for his Milankovitch cycles, a theory of celestial mechanics that describes the collective effects of changes in the Earth's movements upon its climate. He is also honored by the lunar crater Milankovič, and by the Martian crater Milankovič.[2] The approved naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 1 August 1980 (M.P.C. 5449).[13]

    References
    1. "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 1605 Milankovitch (1936 GA)" (2016-12-21 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 30 June 2017.
    2. Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(1605) Milankovitch". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (1605) Milankovitch. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 127. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_1606. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3.
    3. "LCDB Data for (1605) Milankovitch". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 9 August 2016.
    4. Masiero, Joseph R.; Mainzer, A. K.; Grav, T.; Bauer, J. M.; Cutri, R. M.; Nugent, C.; et al. (November 2012). "Preliminary Analysis of WISE/NEOWISE 3-Band Cryogenic and Post-cryogenic Observations of Main Belt Asteroids". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 759 (1): 5. arXiv:1209.5794. Bibcode:2012ApJ...759L...8M. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/759/1/L8. Retrieved 9 August 2016.
    5. Mainzer, A.; Grav, T.; Masiero, J.; Hand, E.; Bauer, J.; Tholen, D.; et al. (November 2011). "NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results". The Astrophysical Journal. 741 (2): 25. arXiv:1109.6407. Bibcode:2011ApJ...741...90M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90.
    6. Masiero, Joseph R.; Grav, T.; Mainzer, A. K.; Nugent, C. R.; Bauer, J. M.; Stevenson, R.; et al. (August 2014). "Main-belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE: Near-infrared Albedos". The Astrophysical Journal. 791 (2): 11. arXiv:1406.6645. Bibcode:2014ApJ...791..121M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/791/2/121. Retrieved 8 December 2016.
    7. Tedesco, E. F.; Noah, P. V.; Noah, M.; Price, S. D. (October 2004). "IRAS Minor Planet Survey V6.0". NASA Planetary Data System. 12: IRAS-A-FPA-3-RDR-IMPS-V6.0. Bibcode:2004PDSS...12.....T. Retrieved 22 October 2019.
    8. Usui, Fumihiko; Kuroda, Daisuke; Müller, Thomas G.; Hasegawa, Sunao; Ishiguro, Masateru; Ootsubo, Takafumi; et al. (October 2011). "Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan. 63 (5): 1117–1138. Bibcode:2011PASJ...63.1117U. doi:10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117. Retrieved 17 October 2019. (online, AcuA catalog p. 153)
    9. Cooney, Jr., Walter R. (March 2005). "Lightcurve results for minor planets 228 Agathe, 297 Caecilia, 744 Aguntina 1062 Ljuba, 1605 Milankovitch, and 3125 Hay". The Minor Planet Bulletin. 32 (1): 15–16. Bibcode:2005MPBu...32...15C. ISSN 1052-8091. Retrieved 9 August 2016.
    10. Behrend, Raoul. "Asteroids and comets rotation curves – (1605) Milankovitch". Geneva Observatory. Retrieved 9 August 2016.
    11. Veres, Peter; Jedicke, Robert; Fitzsimmons, Alan; Denneau, Larry; Granvik, Mikael; Bolin, Bryce; et al. (November 2015). "Absolute magnitudes and slope parameters for 250,000 asteroids observed by Pan-STARRS PS1 – Preliminary results". Icarus. 261: 34–47. arXiv:1506.00762. Bibcode:2015Icar..261...34V. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.007. Retrieved 9 August 2016.
    12. "1605 Milankovitch (1936 GA)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 9 August 2016.
    13. "MPC/MPO/MPS Archive". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 9 August 2016.

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