1220s in England

1220s in England

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Events from the 1220s in England.

Incumbents

Monarch – Henry III

Events

• 1220
  • 28 April – foundation stone of Salisbury Cathedral is laid. The cathedral is being relocated from Old Sarum and renewed in Gothic style.[1][2]
  • 17 May – second coronation of King Henry III at Westminster Abbey, Pope Honorius III having deemed that Henry's first coronation at Gloucester in 1216 had not been carried out in accordance with church rites.[3]
  • May – construction of the Lady Chapel at Westminster Abbey begins.[4]
  • Re-building of York Minster in Gothic style begins.
  • Re-building of Beverley Minster in Gothic style begins.[5]
• 1221
  • 25 April – Eustace of Fauconberg is consecrated Bishop of London; from about this year he also serves as the first known Chancellor of the Exchequer.
  • 21 June – Henry's ten-year-old sister, Joan of England, marries King Alexander II of Scotland[4] at York Minster.[6]
  • August – arrival of first Dominican friars in England.[7]
  • 15 August – Dominicans found Blackfriars, Oxford.[4]
• 1222
  • 17 April – Stephen Langton, Archbishop of Canterbury, opens a council at Osney Abbey, Oxford.
  • 15 July – rioting after London defeats Westminster in an annual wrestling contest; ring-leaders hanged or mutilated in punishment.[4]
  • Patent Rolls authorise minting of the farthing.
• 1223
  • Henry III given limited powers of governance, although not yet fully of age.[4]
  • William Marshal, 2nd Earl of Pembroke seizes Carmarthen Castle and Cardigan Castle from Llywelyn the Great.[4]
  • Justiciar Hubert de Burgh, 1st Earl of Kent occupies Montgomeryshire.[4]
• 1224
  • 5 May – war between France and England breaks out when Louis VIII of France attacks Poitou and northern Gascony.[7]
  • June–August – siege of Bedford: rebels surrender to Hubert de Burgh.[8]
  • 10 September – arrival of the first Franciscan friars in England.[7]
• 1225
  • Magna Carta affirmed by Henry III, in return for issuing a property tax.[7]
  • King Horn, the oldest known English verse romance, written.[4]
  • Franciscan house founded at Greyfriars.[4]
• 1226
  • Cardigan Castle and Carmarthen Castle become royal castles.[4]
  • Nuneaton is granted a chartered market.
• 1227
  • January – Henry III declares himself to be of age.[4]
  • March – England makes a truce with France.[4]
• 1228
  • 3 August – Walter d'Eynsham enthroned as Archbishop of Canterbury.
  • Hubert de Burgh leads an unsuccessful military campaign in south Wales.[4]
• 1229
  • 10 June – Richard le Grant enthroned as Archbishop of Canterbury.
  • October – planned campaign in France delayed; Henry blames Hubert de Burgh.[4]
  • Robert Grosseteste is teaching theology to Franciscans at the University of Oxford by about this date.[4]
  • First St. John's Bridge, Lechlade, built over the River Thames.
  • Beverston Castle founded in Gloucestershire.

Births

• 1220
  • Approximate date – Roger Bacon, philosopher and scientist (died 1292)
• 1222
  • 4 August – Richard de Clare, 6th Earl of Hertford, soldier (died 1262)
• 1223
  • John FitzAlan, 6th Earl of Arundel (died 1267)
  • Hugh le Despencer, 1st Baron le Despencer (died 1265)
  • Llywelyn ap Gruffudd, Prince of Wales (died 1282)

Deaths

• 1220
  • 1 June – Henry de Bohun, 1st Earl of Hereford (born 1176)
  • c. November – Philip of Oldcoates, nobleman and royal official (fl. before 1194)
• 1221
  • Roger Bigod, 2nd Earl of Norfolk (year of birth unknown)
• 1225
  • Hugh Bigod, 3rd Earl of Norfolk (born 1186)
• 1226
  • 7 March – William Longespée, 3rd Earl of Salisbury, military leader (born c. 1176)
  • 11 December – Robert de Ros, baron (born 1177)
• 1228
  • June (approximate date) – Reginald de Braose, rebel baron
  • 9 July – Stephen Langton, Archbishop of Canterbury (born c. 1150)

References

1. Evans, Sydney (1985). Salisbury Cathedral: a reflective guide. Salisbury: Michael Russell Publishing. p. 15.
2. "History of the Cathedral, Salisbury Cathedral website". Archived from the original on 30 December 2007. Retrieved 2007-12-10.
3. "Henry III, Archonotology.org". Retrieved 10 December 2007.
4. Palmer, Alan; Palmer, Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd. pp. 79–81. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2.
5. "Official Site for Beverley Minster". Archived from the original on 1 December 2007. Retrieved 10 December 2007.
6. Mackenzie, Agnes Mure (1957). The Foundations of Scotland. Edinburgh: Oliver & Boyd. p. 251.
7. Williams, Hywel (2005). Cassell's Chronology of World History. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. pp. 135–137. ISBN 0-304-35730-8.
8. The History Today Companion to British History. London: Collins & Brown. 1995. p. 72. ISBN 1-85585-178-4.