1104 Syringa

1104 Syringa, provisional designation 1928 XA, is a dark background asteroid from the central regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 23 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 9 December 1928, by German astronomer Karl Reinmuth at the Heidelberg-Königstuhl State Observatory in southwest Germany.[13] The asteroid was named after the flowering plant Syringa (lilac).[3]

1104 Syringa
Discovery [1]
Discovered byK. Reinmuth
Discovery siteHeidelberg Obs.
Discovery date9 December 1928
Designations
(1104) Syringa
Pronunciation/sɪˈrɪŋɡə/[2]
Named after
Syringa (flowering plant)[3]
1928 XA
main-belt · (middle) [4]
background [5]
Orbital characteristics [1]
Epoch 23 March 2018 (JD 2458200.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc88.80 yr (32,435 days)
Aphelion3.5342 AU
Perihelion1.7257 AU
2.6299 AU
Eccentricity0.3438
4.27 yr (1,558 days)
351.89°
0° 13m 51.96s / day
Inclination6.4413°
128.66°
277.48°
Physical characteristics
Mean diameter
19.711±0.260 km[6]
22.10±0.7 km[7]
22.13 km (derived)[4]
23.244±0.213 km[8]
24.20±0.53 km[9]
24.30±1.17 km[10]
5.1547±0.0012 h[11]
0.031±0.003[10]
0.033±0.006[8]
0.036±0.008[9]
0.0362±0.002[7]
0.0434 (derived)[4]
0.0450±0.0064[6]
SMASS = Xk [1] · X [4][12] · P [6]
12.30[1][4][9]
12.35±0.29[12]
12.50[6][7][10]

    Orbit and classification

    Syringa is a non-family asteroid from the main belt's background population.[5] It orbits the Sun in the intermediate asteroid belt at a distance of 1.7–3.5 AU once every 4 years and 3 months (1,558 days; semi-major axis of 2.63 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.34 and an inclination of 6° with respect to the ecliptic.[1] For a main-belt asteroid, it has a rather high eccentricity. The body's observation arc begins at Heidelberg on 1 January 1929, three weeks after its official discovery observation.[13]

    Physical characteristics

    In the SMASS classification, Syringa is a Xk-subtype that transitions between the X- and the dark and uncommon K-type asteroids. It has also been characterized as an X-type by Pan-STARRS' photometric survey,[12] and as a primitive P-type asteroid by the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE).[6]

    Rotation period

    In February 2006, a rotational lightcurve of Syringa was obtained from photometric observations at the Calvin–Rehoboth Observatory in New Mexico, United States. Lightcurve analysis gave a well-defined rotation period of 5.1547 hours with a brightness amplitude of 0.27 magnitude (U=3).[11]

    Diameter and albedo

    According to the surveys carried out by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS, the Japanese Akari satellite and the NEOWISE mission of NASA's WISE telescope, Syringa measures between 19.711 and 24.30 kilometers in diameter and its surface has a low albedo between 0.031 and 0.045.[6][7][8][9][10] The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link derives an albedo of 0.0434 and a diameter of 22.13 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 12.3.[4]

    Naming

    This minor planet was named after a genus of flowering plants, Syringa, of the family Oleaceae. The most common member of Syringa is Syringa vulgaris (common lilac). The official naming citation was mentioned in The Names of the Minor Planets by Paul Herget in 1955 (H 104).[3]

    Reinmuth's flowers

    Due to his many discoveries, Karl Reinmuth submitted a large list of 66 newly named asteroids in the early 1930s. The list covered his discoveries with numbers between (1009) and (1200). This list also contained a sequence of 28 asteroids, starting with 1054 Forsytia, that were all named after plants, in particular flowering plants (also see list of minor planets named after animals and plants).[14]

    References
    1. "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 1104 Syringa (1928 XA)" (2017-09-28 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 27 February 2018.
    2. "syringa". Oxford English Dictionary (Online ed.). Oxford University Press. (Subscription or participating institution membership required.)
    3. Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(1104) Syringa". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (1104) Syringa. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 94. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_1105. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3.
    4. "LCDB Data for (1104) Syringa". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 27 February 2018.
    5. "Small Bodies Data Ferret". Nesvorny HCM Asteroid Families V3.0. Archived from the original on 2 August 2017. Retrieved 27 February 2018.
    6. Mainzer, A.; Grav, T.; Masiero, J.; Hand, E.; Bauer, J.; Tholen, D.; et al. (November 2011). "NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results". The Astrophysical Journal. 741 (2): 25. arXiv:1109.6407. Bibcode:2011ApJ...741...90M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90.
    7. Tedesco, E. F.; Noah, P. V.; Noah, M.; Price, S. D. (October 2004). "IRAS Minor Planet Survey V6.0". NASA Planetary Data System. 12: IRAS-A-FPA-3-RDR-IMPS-V6.0. Bibcode:2004PDSS...12.....T. Retrieved 22 October 2019.
    8. Masiero, Joseph R.; Grav, T.; Mainzer, A. K.; Nugent, C. R.; Bauer, J. M.; Stevenson, R.; et al. (August 2014). "Main-belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE: Near-infrared Albedos". The Astrophysical Journal. 791 (2): 11. arXiv:1406.6645. Bibcode:2014ApJ...791..121M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/791/2/121.
    9. Masiero, Joseph R.; Mainzer, A. K.; Grav, T.; Bauer, J. M.; Cutri, R. M.; Nugent, C.; et al. (November 2012). "Preliminary Analysis of WISE/NEOWISE 3-Band Cryogenic and Post-cryogenic Observations of Main Belt Asteroids". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 759 (1): 5. arXiv:1209.5794. Bibcode:2012ApJ...759L...8M. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/759/1/L8. Retrieved 27 February 2018.
    10. Usui, Fumihiko; Kuroda, Daisuke; Müller, Thomas G.; Hasegawa, Sunao; Ishiguro, Masateru; Ootsubo, Takafumi; et al. (October 2011). "Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan. 63 (5): 1117–1138. Bibcode:2011PASJ...63.1117U. doi:10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117. Retrieved 17 October 2019. (online, AcuA catalog p. 153)
    11. Molnar, Lawrence A.; Haegert, Melissa, J.; Beaumont, Christopher N.; Block, Marjorie J.; Brom, Timothy H.; Butler, Andrew R.; et al. (March 2008). "Lightcurve Analysis of a Magnitude Limited Asteroid Sample". The Minor Planet Bulletin. 35 (1): 9–12. Bibcode:2008MPBu...35....9M. ISSN 1052-8091. Retrieved 27 February 2018.
    12. Veres, Peter; Jedicke, Robert; Fitzsimmons, Alan; Denneau, Larry; Granvik, Mikael; Bolin, Bryce; et al. (November 2015). "Absolute magnitudes and slope parameters for 250,000 asteroids observed by Pan-STARRS PS1 - Preliminary results". Icarus. 261: 34–47. arXiv:1506.00762. Bibcode:2015Icar..261...34V. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.007. Retrieved 27 February 2018.
    13. "1104 Syringa (1928 XA)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 27 February 2018.
    14. Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(1054) Forsytia". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (1054) Forsytia. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 90. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_1055. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3.

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