1073 Gellivara

1073 Gellivara, provisional designation 1923 OW, is a dark Themistian asteroid, approximately 27 kilometers (17 miles) in diameter, located in the outer regions of the asteroid belt. It was discovered by Austrian astronomer Johann Palisa at the Vienna Observatory on 14 September 1923, and later named after the Swedish town of Gällivare.[2][13]

1073 Gellivara
Shape model of Gellivara from its lightcurve
Discovery [1]
Discovered byJ. Palisa
Discovery siteVienna Obs.
Discovery date14 September 1923
Designations
(1073) Gellivara
Named after
Gällivare (Swedish town) [2]
1923 OW · 1929 UJ
1932 EP · 1951 QL
main-belt · (outer)
Themis [3][4]
Orbital characteristics [1]
Epoch 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc93.54 yr (34,165 days)
Aphelion3.7925 AU
Perihelion2.5826 AU
3.1875 AU
Eccentricity0.1898
5.69 yr (2,079 days)
248.01°
0° 10m 23.52s / day
Inclination1.6043°
39.579°
289.05°
Physical characteristics
Dimensions22.10±5.77 km[5]
22.71±7.49 km[6]
25.992±0.336 km[7][8]
26.87±0.79 km[9]
35.73±3.4 km[10]
35.76 km (derived)[3]
11.32±0.05 h[11]
0.0241±0.005[10]
0.0289 (derived)[3]
0.045±0.003[9]
0.0454±0.0047[7][8]
0.07±0.04[5]
0.07±0.08[6]
C (assumed)[3]
11.70[1][3][5] · 11.73[6] · 11.82±0.26[12] · 11.90[8][9][10]

    Orbit and classification

    Gellivara is a Themistian asteroid that belongs to the Themis family (602),[3][4] a very large family of carbonaceous asteroids, named after 24 Themis.[14] It orbits the Sun in the outer asteroid belt at a distance of 2.6–3.8 AU once every 5 years and 8 months (2,079 days; semi-major axis of 3.19 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.19 and an inclination of 2° with respect to the ecliptic.[1] The body's observation arc begins at Vienna on 1 October 1923, two weeks after its official discovery observation.[13]

    Naming

    This minor planet was named by Austrian astronomer Joseph Rheden with the consent of the discoverer's second wife, Anna Palisa, after the small Swedish town of Gällivare in Lapland, where astronomers witnessed the total eclipse of the Sun in 1927.[2] Gellivara was the discoverer's last discovery.[15] The official naming citation was mentioned in The Names of the Minor Planets by Paul Herget in 1955 (H 101).[2]

    Physical characteristics

    Gellivara is an assumed carbonaceous C-type asteroid,[3] which agrees with the overall spectral type of the Themis family.[14]:23

    Rotation period

    In November 2008, a rotational lightcurve of Gellivara was obtained from photometric observations by American astronomer Robert Stephens at the Goat Mountain Astronomical Research Station (G79) in California. Lightcurve analysis gave a rotation period of 11.32 hours with a brightness amplitude of 0.35 magnitude (U=2).[11]

    Diameter and albedo

    According to the surveys carried out by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS, the Japanese Akari satellite and the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Gellivara measures between 22.10 and 35.73 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.0241 and 0.07.[5][6][7][8][9][10] The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link agrees with IRAS and derives an albedo of 0.0289 with a diameter of 35.76 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 11.7.[3]

    References
    1. "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 1073 Gellivara (1923 OW)" (2017-03-30 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 6 December 2017.
    2. Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(1073) Gellivara". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (1073) Gellivara. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 92. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_1074. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3.
    3. "LCDB Data for (1073) Gellivara". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 6 December 2017.
    4. "Asteroid 1073 Gellivara – Nesvorny HCM Asteroid Families V3.0". Small Bodies Data Ferret. Retrieved 26 October 2019.
    5. Nugent, C. R.; Mainzer, A.; Masiero, J.; Bauer, J.; Cutri, R. M.; Grav, T.; et al. (December 2015). "NEOWISE Reactivation Mission Year One: Preliminary Asteroid Diameters and Albedos". The Astrophysical Journal. 814 (2): 13. arXiv:1509.02522. Bibcode:2015ApJ...814..117N. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/814/2/117. Retrieved 6 December 2017.
    6. Nugent, C. R.; Mainzer, A.; Bauer, J.; Cutri, R. M.; Kramer, E. A.; Grav, T.; et al. (September 2016). "NEOWISE Reactivation Mission Year Two: Asteroid Diameters and Albedos". The Astronomical Journal. 152 (3): 12. arXiv:1606.08923. Bibcode:2016AJ....152...63N. doi:10.3847/0004-6256/152/3/63. Retrieved 6 December 2017.
    7. Masiero, Joseph R.; Mainzer, A. K.; Grav, T.; Bauer, J. M.; Cutri, R. M.; Dailey, J.; et al. (November 2011). "Main Belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE. I. Preliminary Albedos and Diameters". The Astrophysical Journal. 741 (2): 20. arXiv:1109.4096. Bibcode:2011ApJ...741...68M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/68. Retrieved 6 December 2017.
    8. Mainzer, A.; Grav, T.; Masiero, J.; Hand, E.; Bauer, J.; Tholen, D.; et al. (November 2011). "NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results". The Astrophysical Journal. 741 (2): 25. arXiv:1109.6407. Bibcode:2011ApJ...741...90M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90.
    9. Usui, Fumihiko; Kuroda, Daisuke; Müller, Thomas G.; Hasegawa, Sunao; Ishiguro, Masateru; Ootsubo, Takafumi; et al. (October 2011). "Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan. 63 (5): 1117–1138. Bibcode:2011PASJ...63.1117U. doi:10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117. Retrieved 17 October 2019. (online, AcuA catalog p. 153)
    10. Tedesco, E. F.; Noah, P. V.; Noah, M.; Price, S. D. (October 2004). "IRAS Minor Planet Survey V6.0". NASA Planetary Data System. 12: IRAS-A-FPA-3-RDR-IMPS-V6.0. Bibcode:2004PDSS...12.....T. Retrieved 22 October 2019.
    11. Stephens, Robert D. (April 2009). "Asteroids Observed from GMARS and Santana Observatories" (PDF). Minor Planet Bulletin. 36 (2): 59–62. Bibcode:2009MPBu...36...59S. ISSN 1052-8091.
    12. Veres, Peter; Jedicke, Robert; Fitzsimmons, Alan; Denneau, Larry; Granvik, Mikael; Bolin, Bryce; et al. (November 2015). "Absolute magnitudes and slope parameters for 250,000 asteroids observed by Pan-STARRS PS1 - Preliminary results". Icarus. 261: 34–47. arXiv:1506.00762. Bibcode:2015Icar..261...34V. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.007. Retrieved 6 December 2017.
    13. "1073 Gellivara (1923 OW)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 6 December 2017.
    14. Nesvorný, D.; Broz, M.; Carruba, V. (December 2014). Identification and Dynamical Properties of Asteroid Families. Asteroids IV. pp. 297–321. arXiv:1502.01628. Bibcode:2015aste.book..297N. doi:10.2458/azu_uapress_9780816532131-ch016. ISBN 9780816532131.
    15. Herbert Raab. "Johann Palisa, the most successful visual discoverer of asteroids" (PDF). Astrometrica. Retrieved 12 March 2020.
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