105×617mm

The 105×617mm (4.1 inch) also known as 105 × 617 R is a common, NATO-standard, tank gun cartridge used in 105mm guns such as those derived from the Royal Ordnance L7.

105×617R
Crossection of the U.S. M900 APFSDS-T 105mm cartridge.
Typetank gun
Place of originUnited Kingdom
Service history
In service1959–present
Used byWestern Bloc and Third World.
Production history
DesignerRARDE Fort Halstead
Designedearly 1950s
Specifications
Bullet diameter105 mm (4.1 in)
Rim diameter147 mm (5.8 in)
Overall length617 mm (24.3 in)

The 105 × 617 R cartridge was originally developed from the 84 mm (3.3 in) calibre Ordnance QF 20-pounder 84 × 618R cartridge as part of the development of the L7 105 mm rifled gun.

105 mm ammunition
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Armour-Piercing Discarding Sabot (APDS)
Ammunition Origin Year Penetrator material Muzzle velocity Projectile
weight		 Perforation at normal and oblique incidences Notes
L22  UK 1950s Tungsten carbide
L28  UK 1959 tungsten carbide core and tungsten alloy cap 1,478 m/s (4,850 ft/s) 5.8 kg 120 mm @ 60° at 914 m (2,999 ft)[1] Produced under licence by Germany as DM13, used in the Swedish Army as 60 mm Slpprj m/ 61 and in the Swiss Army as 10,5 Pz Kan 60/61 Pz Ke G Lsp.
L36  UK 1961 tungsten carbide core and tungsten alloy cap 1,478 m/s (4,850 ft/s) 5.8 kg 120 mm @ 60° at 914 m (2,999 ft)[2] British dsignation of the M392 APDS manufactured in the UK for the US Army, it features a safer primer.
Slpprj m/62  Sweden 1962 tungsten carbide (core) 200 mm @ 30° at 1500 m Swedish-developed APDS round with a 57 mm sub-caliber projectile
L52  UK 1965 or 1966 tungsten alloy (core) and tungsten alloy (tilt cap) 1,426 m/s (4,680 ft/s) 120 mm @ 60° at 1,830 m (6,000 ft)[3] Produced under licence by US as M728 and used in the Swedish Army as 61 mm Slpprj m/ 66

Armour-Piercing Fin-Stabilized Discarding sabot (APFSDS)
Ammunition Origin Designer & producer Year Penetrator material Muzzle velocity Projectile wt (with or without sabot) Perforation at normal and oblique incidences Notes
M735  USA 1978 tungsten alloy 1501 m/s 5.83 kg (12.9 lb)
(3.7 kg w/o sabot)
M735A1  USA Primex Technologies 1979 Depleted uranium Never fielded by the U.S. military
M774  USA Primex Technologies 1980[4] depleted Uranium 1,508 m/s
(4,950 ft/s)
M833  USA Primex Technologies 1983 depleted uranium 1,493 m/s
(4,900 ft/s)
M900  USA Primex Technologies 1989 depleted uranium 1,505 m/s
(4,940 ft/s)		 6.86 kg (w/o sabot) Designed for the M68A1 and M68A1E4 guns.
FP105  USA General Defense Corporation 1980s tungsten alloy 1,508 m/s
(4,950 ft/s)		 5.8 kg
(w/o sabot)		 Similar design to the M774, also known as C76A1 in Canada
M111 Hetz-6  Israel IMI 1978 tungsten alloy 1455 |m/s 4.2 kg (w/o sabot) NATO Single heavy target at 2000 m Produced under licence by Germany as DM23
M413 Hetz-7  Israel IMI 1980s tungsten alloy 1,455 m/s
(4,770 ft/s)		 6.3 kg (w/sabot) NATO Single heavy target at 6000 m Produced under licence by Germany as DM33
M426  Israel IMI tungsten alloy Produced under licence by Germany as DM63
CL3108  Israel IMI c. 1987 tungsten alloy Exhibited relatively equal performance to the M833[5] Also known as FS Mk. 2 Improved or M429
M428 SWORD  Israel IMI 2010s tungsten alloy 1,505 m/s
(4,940 ft/s)
OFL 105 F1  France GIAT 1981 tungsten alloy 1,495 m/s
(4,900 ft/s)		 3.8 kg (w/o sabot) 392 mm at point-blank range, 370 mm at 1000 m,[6] NATO Single heavy target at 4400 m Fitted with small bearing balls inside its hollow ballistic cap for improved beyond-armour effects.
OFL 105 G2  France GIAT c. 1987 tungsten alloy 1,495 m/s
(4,900 ft/s)		 4.2 kg (w/o sabot) 477 mm (18.8 in) at point-blank range, NATO Single heavy target at 6200 m[7]
OFL 105 F2  France Giat Industries 1995 depleted uranium 6.25 kg (w/sabot) 520 mm at 2000 m[8]
L64A4  UK Royal Ordnance Factories 1982 tungsten alloy 1,485 m/s
(4,870 ft/s)		 3.8 kg (w/o sabot) NATO Single heavy target at 4000 m
H6/62  UK Royal Ordnance Factories late 1980s/early 1990s tungsten-nickel-iron alloy 1,490 m/s
(4,900 ft/s)		 3.6 kg (6.1 kg w/sabot) NATO Single heavy target at 6000 m
NP105A2  Austria Ennstaler Metallwerk early 1980s tungsten-nickel-iron alloy 1,485 m/s
(4,870 ft/s)		 473 mm at 1000 m[9]
M1060A3  Belgium MECAR 2010s tungsten alloy 1560 m/s 6.2 kg (w/sabot) 500 mm at 2000 m[10]
Type 93  Japan Daikin 1993 tungsten alloy 1501 m/s 3.4 kg (5.8 kg w/sabot) 414mm at 2000 m
M9718  South Africa Denel tungsten alloy 450 mm at 3000 m[11]
K270  South Korea Poongsan Metal Corporation tungsten alloy 1,508 m/s
K274  South Korea Poongsan Metal Corporation tungsten alloy 1,495 m/s
K274N  South Korea Poongsan Metal Corporation tungsten alloy 15% increased penetration from K274
C-437  Spain Santa Bárbara Sistemas 1984 Tungsten alloy 1,485 m/s 5.65 kg (w/o sabot) NATO Single heavy target at 5000 m[12]

HEAT (High Explosive Anti-Tank)
Ammunition Origin Designer & producer Year Type* Weight, complete round (kg) Projectile weight (kg) Explosive filling (kg) Muzzle velocity (m/s) Perforation at normal and oblique incidences Notes
OCC 105 F1 France early 1960s non-rotating 22.2 kg 10.95 kg 0.78 kg of HBX 1000 m/s 400 mm or 152 mm @ 64° at any range[13]
M456 HEAT-T[note 1] United States 1966 (M456A1) fin-stabilized 21.8 kg 10.2 kg 0.97 kg of Composition B 1173 m/s 375 mm or 175 mm @ 60° at any range Produced under license by Japan as Type 91 HEAT-MP and Germany as DM12.
M152/6 Israel 2000s fin-stabilized M152/3 (licence-built M456) upgraded with an airburst fuze

High-Explosive Squash Head (HESH)
Further information: High-explosive squash head
Ammunition Origin Year Weight, complete round Projectile weight Explosive filling Muzzle velocity Notes
L35A2 HESH United Kingdom 1962
M393A1 HEP-T[note 2] United States 1960s 21.2 kg
(47 lb)		 11.3 kg
(25 lb)		 2.99 kg
(6.6 lb) of Composition A3		 732 m/s
(2,400 ft/s)		 Produced under license by Japan as Type75 HEP-T and Germany as DM502.
M156 HESH-T (HEP-T) Israel 21.2 kg
(47 lb)		 11.3 kg
(25 lb)		 2.2 kg
(4.9 lb) of Composition A3		 731 m/s
(2,400 ft/s)		 IDF and is equivalent to the L35 HESH-T and M393A1/A2 HEP-T

High Explosive (HE)
Ammunition Origin Year Weight, complete round Projectile mass Explosive filling Muzzle velocity Notes
OE Modèle 60 France 1960 21 kg 12.1 kg 2 kg of RDX/TNT 770 m/s
Slsgr m/61 A Sweden 14.4 kg 1.83 kg of TNT 650 m/s
10,5 Pz Kan 60/61 St G Mz 54 Lsp Switzerland
Sweden 14.4 kg 1.83 kg of TNT 650 m/s
M110 HE-MP-T Israel 23.5 kg 13.6 kg ≈1 kg of CLX66 800 m/S Capable of penetrating double reinforced concrete walls >200mm, its electronic fuze has three modes
M9210 HE South Africa Denel 24.5 kg TNT/HNS 700 m/S 17m lethal radius, maximum range 10-12km[14]

Smoke shells
Ammunition Origin Year Weight, complete round Projectile mass Muzzle velocity Filling Size and duration Notes
L39A SMK United Kingdom 1967
M416 WP-T United States 1960s 20.7 kg 11.4 kg 732 m/s
OFUM PH 105 F1 France 1960s 18.5 kg 12.1 kg 695 m/s 1.77 kg (3.9 lb) white phosphorus + 120 g (4.2 oz) hexolite burster charge 75 m (246 ft)-wide smoke screen for 40 seconds

Anti-personnel
Ammunition Origin Year Type Weight, complete round Projectile mass Muzzle velocity Filling Effects Notes
L15A1 CAN United Kingdom canister
XM494E3 APERS-T United States beehive 25 kg 14 kg 823 m/s 5000 steel flechettes
105mm APAM-MP-T M117/1 Cartridge Israel 2000s 6 submunitions
M436 STUN Israel 2000s less-than-lethal 14.4 kg 2.5 kg plastic flakes Flash, bang and blast effects "less-than-lethal" cartridge

Gun Launched Anti-Tank Guided Missile (GLATGM)
Ammunition Origin Designer & producer Year Weight, complete round Missile mass Speed Range Warhead Perforation at normal and oblique incidences Guidance system Notes
FALARICK 105 Ukraine & Belgium 2010s 24 CMI Defence and Luch Design Bureau subsonic 5000 m tandem HEAT >550 mm Semi-automatic laser beam-riding
LAHAT Israel Israel Aerospace Industries (IAI) 1990s subsonic tandem HEAT

105 mm guns using 105x617mm ammunition

References
  1. T rers to the round containing a tracer element.
  2. HEP from "High Explosive Plastic" is the US term for HESH.
  1. Ogorkiewicz, Richard M. (1991). Technology of Tanks (Vols 1-2). London: Janes Information Group. p. 79. ISBN 978-0710605955.
  2. Ogorkiewicz, Richard M. (1991). Technology of Tanks (Vols 1-2). London: Janes Information Group. p. 79. ISBN 978-0710605955.
  3. Ogorkiewicz, Richard M. (1991). Technology of Tanks (Vols 1-2). London: Janes Information Group. p. 79. ISBN 978-0710605955.
  4. TM 43-0001-28. Technical Manual Army Ammunition Data Sheets for Artillery Ammunition. Washington, DC: Headquarters Department of the Army. 1994. pp. 2–103.
  5. Department of Defense Appropriations for 1990. Washington: U.S. Government Printing Office. 1989. p. 243.
  6. Ogorkiewicz, Richard M. (1991). Technology of Tanks (Vols 1-2). London: Janes Information Group. p. 82. ISBN 978-0710605955.
  7. International Defense Review 9/1987. Jane's Publishing Group. 1987. p. 1245.
  8. "IHS™Jane's®WeaponsAmmunition" (PDF). ihs.com. Retrieved 21 May 2020.
  9. Ogorkiewicz, Richard M. (1991). Technology of Tanks (Vols 1-2). London: Janes Information Group. p. 82. ISBN 978-0710605955.
  10. "105 mm Tank Ammunition". Mecar. 2019.
  11. "R96.8m for Olifant, Rooikat ammo". defenceWeb. 18 August 2011. Retrieved 24 December 2020.
  12. Foss, Christopher (1993). Jane's Armoured Fighting Vehicle Retrofit Systems 1993-94. London: ane's Information Group. p. 123. ISBN 978-0710610799.
  13. International Defense Review 1/1972. Interavia SA. 1987. p. 162.
  14. "R96.8m for Olifant, Rooikat ammo". defenceWeb. 18 August 2011. Retrieved 24 December 2020.
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