1,2,3-Trimethylbenzene

1,2,3-Trimethylbenzene
Names
	IUPAC name 1,2,3-Trimethylbenzene
	Other names Hemellitol; Hemimellitol, Hemimelithol; Hemimellitine; Hemimellitene
Identifiers
CAS Number	526-73-8 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChEBI	CHEBI:34037 ;
ChemSpider	10236 ;
ECHA InfoCard	100.007.633
PubChem CID	10686;
RTECS number	DC3300000;
UNII	ZK4R7UPH6R ;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID8047769 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/C9H12/c1-7-5-4-6-8(2)9(7)3/h4-6H,1-3H3 Key: FYGHSUNMUKGBRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N ; InChI=1S/C9H12/c1-7-5-4-6-8(2)9(7)3/h4-6H,1-3H3;
	SMILES c1(cccc(c1C)C)C;
Properties
Chemical formula	C9H12
Molar mass	120.195 g·mol−1
Appearance	Colorless liquid[1]
Density	0.89 g/mL[1]
Melting point	−25 °C (−13 °F; 248 K)[1]
Boiling point	176 °C (349 °F; 449 K)[1]
Solubility in water	0.006% (20°C)[2]
Vapor pressure	1 mmHg (16.7°C)[2]
Hazards
Main hazards	Flammable[3]
R-phrases (outdated)	R10 R37
S-phrases (outdated)	S16
Flash point	11 °C; 51 °F; 284 K[1]
Autoignition; temperature	243 °C; 470 °F; 516 K[1]
Explosive limits	0.8%-6.6%[2]
	NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible)	none[2]
REL (Recommended)	TWA 25 ppm (125 mg/m3)[2]
IDLH (Immediate danger)	N.D.[2]
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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	Infobox references

1,2,3-Trimethylbenzene is an organic compound with the chemical formula C₆H₃(CH₃)₃. Classified as an aromatic hydrocarbon, it is a flammable colorless liquid. It is nearly insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents. It occurs naturally in coal tar and petroleum. It is one of the three isomers of trimethylbenzene. It is used in jet fuel, mixed with other hydrocarbons, to prevent the formation of solid particles which might damage the engine.

Production and uses

Industrially, it is isolated from the C₉ aromatic hydrocarbon fraction during petroleum distillation. It is also generated by methylation of toluene and xylenes.[4]

References

Record in the GESTIS Substance Database of the Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0637". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
CDC - NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards
Karl Griesbaum, Arno Behr, Dieter Biedenkapp, Heinz-Werner Voges, Dorothea Garbe, Christian Paetz, Gerd Collin, Dieter Mayer, Hartmut Höke "Hydrocarbons" in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry 2002 Wiley-VCH, Weinheim. doi:10.1002/14356007.a13_227

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[GESTIS-1] Record in the GESTIS Substance Database of the Institute for Occupational Safety and Health

[PGCH-2] NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0637". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).

[pocket-3] CDC - NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards

[Ullmanns-4] Karl Griesbaum, Arno Behr, Dieter Biedenkapp, Heinz-Werner Voges, Dorothea Garbe, Christian Paetz, Gerd Collin, Dieter Mayer, Hartmut Höke "Hydrocarbons" in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry 2002 Wiley-VCH, Weinheim. doi:10.1002/14356007.a13_227