1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane

1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane is a chlorinated derivative of ethane. It has the highest solvent power of any chlorinated hydrocarbon.[1] As a refrigerant, it is used under the name R-130.

1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane[1]

Names
IUPAC name 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane
Other names s-Tetrachloroethane Acetylene tetrachloride R-130 TeCA
Identifiers
CAS Number	79-34-5
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
ChEBI	CHEBI:36026
ChEMBL	ChEMBL47258
ChemSpider	6342
ECHA InfoCard	100.001.089
KEGG	C19534
PubChem CID	6591
UNII	1L6BI049XV
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID7021318
InChI InChI=1S/C2H2Cl4/c3-1(4)2(5)6/h1-2H Key: QPFMBZIOSGYJDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N InChI=1/C2H2Cl4/c3-1(4)2(5)6/h1-2H Key: QPFMBZIOSGYJDE-UHFFFAOYAH
SMILES ClC(Cl)C(Cl)Cl
Properties
Chemical formula	C2H2Cl4
Molar mass	167.848 g/mol
Appearance	Colorless to pale yellow liquid[2]
Odor	pungent, chloroform-like[2]
Density	1.59 g/cm^3
Melting point	−44 °C (−47 °F; 229 K)
Boiling point	146.5 °C (295.7 °F; 419.6 K)
Solubility in water	1 g/350 mL
Vapor pressure	5 mmHg (20°C)[2]
Magnetic susceptibility (χ)	-89.8·10^−6 cm^3/mol
Hazards
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
LC50 (median concentration)	1000 ppm (rat, 4 hr)[3]
LCLo (lowest published)	1000 ppm (rat, 4 hr) 643 ppm (mouse, 2 hr) 2714 ppm (cat, 45 min)[3]
NIOSH (US health exposure limits):
PEL (Permissible)	TWA 5 ppm (35 mg/m^3) [skin][2]
REL (Recommended)	Ca TWA 1 ppm (7 mg/m^3) [skin][2]
IDLH (Immediate danger)	Ca [100 ppm][2]
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Infobox references

It was once widely used as a solvent and as an intermediate in the industrial production of trichloroethylene, tetrachloroethylene, and 1,2-dichloroethylene.[4] However, 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane is no longer used much in the United States due to concerns about its toxicity.[5]

Chronic inhalation exposure in humans results in jaundice and an enlarged liver, headaches, tremors, dizziness, numbness, and drowsiness. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency has classified it as a Group C possible human carcinogen.[5]

For occupational exposure limits, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration has set a permissible exposure limit for dermal exposures at 5 ppm over an eight-hour time-weighted average. The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health has a more protective recommended exposure limit for dermal exposures at 1 ppm over an eight-hour time-weighted average.[6]

See also

• 1,1,1,2-Tetrachloroethane

References

1. Merck Index, 11th Edition, 9125.
2. NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0598". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
3. "1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane". Immediately Dangerous to Life and Health Concentrations (IDLH). National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
4. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR). Toxicological Profile for 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane (Update). U.S. Public Health Service, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Atlanta, GA. 1996.
5. Tetrachloroethane at U.S. EPA
6. CDC - NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards

5.westron is a non-inflammable liquid and is used as solvent